BASICS OF ELECTRONICS英文资料.pdfVIP

Nil TARIM Introduction to Electronics and Communication Engineering Fall 2013 BASICS OF ELECTRONICS ♦ Components • Passive (resistor, capacitor, inductor) • Active (transistor, operational amplifier) ♦ Circuits • Amplifier • Oscillator • Filter • Rectifier ♦ Measuring instruments • Voltmeter • Ammeter • Ohmmeter • Powermeter • Voltage source • Oscilloscope • Function generator 1 Nil TARIM Introduction to Electronics and Communication Engineering Fall 2013 Passive components Each electronic component is defined by a relation between the state variables of the network: Current, i ; voltage, v; charge, q; and magnetic flux, Ø. dq = i·dt dØ = v·dt • Resistance, measured in Ohm (Ω), produces a voltage proportional to the current flowing through the element. v = R·i • Capacitance, measured in Farad (F), produces a current proportional to the rate of voltage change across the element. dq = C·dv i·dt = C·dv i = C·(dv/dt) • Inductance, measured in Henry (H), produces a voltage proportional to the rate of current change through the element. dØ = L·di v·dt = L·di v = L·(di/dt) 2 Nil TARIM Introduction to Electronics and Communication Engineering Fall 2013 Active components Conduction in different environments such as vacuum, gas, liquid and solid is achieved if proper conditions are provided. However the mechanisms differ. • Conduction in vacuum is based on ballistic movement. Operation of vacuum tubes is based on this principle. • Nowadays, the electronic industry is based on solid-state electronics. Conducto