人民币升值与中美贸易逆差问题.docVIP

人民币升值与中美贸易逆差问题 SINO-US TRADE DEFICIT AND THE RATE OF RMB 专　　　　业： 国际经济与贸易 姓　　　　名： Ayu 指导教师姓名： 孙滔 申请学位级别： 学士 论文提交日期： 2010年3月28日 学位授予单位： 天津科技大学 摘 要 人类社会已经踏上了21世纪这一自2005年7月人民币汇率形成机制改革以来，我国一直按照主动性、可控性、渐进性原则，稳步实施有管理的浮动汇率制度，人民币对美元汇率累计升值超过20%。目前从国际收支、外汇市场供求等方面看，人民币汇率趋近于合理均衡水平。 并进一步提到人民币汇率并不是美国对华贸易逆差的主要原因，中国也从未刻意追求贸易顺差，始终把促进国际收支平衡作为保持中国宏观经济稳定的重要任务。中美经贸合作互利互惠，为两国人民带来了实实在在的好处。希望美方客观理性看待中美经贸合作中出现的问题，坚持通过平等协商妥善处理。指责和施压显然无助于问题的解决。 本文首先阐述中美贸易逆差的真正原因包括国际垂直分工、美方出口限制、贸易顺差转移、劳动力成本、消费观念差异、跨国公司FDI与人民币汇率无直接关系，并简述若人民币升值将对中美贸易以及中美两国的经济产生的影响，最终提出缓解美国对中国人民币升值施压的方法，以及应对中美贸易逆差的措施。 关键词：双查；中美贸易逆差；人民币升值；进出口贸易； ABSTRACT Human society has set foot in the 21st century since July 2005 the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism reform, China has been in accordance with the initiative, controllability and gradual nature of the principle of steady implementation of a managed floating exchange rate system, the cumulative exchange rate of RMB against the U.S. dollar appreciation of more than 20%. The current international balance of payments, foreign exchange market supply and demand side, the RMB exchange rate is close to a reasonable and balanced level. And further that the RMB exchange rate is not the main reason the U.S. trade deficit with China, China never purposely pursues trade surplus, and always the promotion of international payments as to maintain macroeconomic stability in China, an important task. China-US economic and trade cooperation of mutual benefit and bring the two peoples tangible benefits. Hope that the U.S. objective and rational view of the Sino-US economic and trade cooperation, problems persist through equal consultations to properly handle. Accusations and pressure obviously can not solve the problem.  This paper described the real reason the U.S. trade deficit, including international vertical division of labor, the U.S. export restrictions, the trade surplus transfer, labor costs, differences in consumption concept, FDI and transnational corporations have no dir