不同所有制企业的创新差异研究.docVIP

不同所有制企业的创新差异研究 2015年第3期改革与战略NO.3,2015 第31卷(总第259期)REFORMATION amp; STRATEGY (Cumulatively,NO.259 ) DOI: 10 .163311j .cnki.issnl 002-736x.2015.03.0 10 不同所有制企业的创新差异研究李占芳许静2(1.辽宁大学经济学院，辽宁沈阳110036; 2.沈阳工程学院技术经济系，辽宁沈阳110136) [摘要]不同所有制的企业具有不同的创新能力和创新效率。文章发现，国有及国有控股企业规模较大，研发机构建设较好，承担了大部分的研发投入，但创新产出不足，创新效率较低;私营企业规模太小，研发投入能力有限，但创新效率较高。为提高自主创新能力，必须继续深化国有企业改革，提高其创新效率;支持私营企业，壮大其规模，提高其创新能力;有选择地引进外资，要更加注重外资对当地创新的贡献;促进国企和私企之间的分工协作，提高合作创新能力。[关键词]所有制;创新差异;国有企业;民营企业;外资企业[中图分类号1F124.3文献标识码1A文章编号11002-736X(2015)03-0044-06 A Study on Innovation Differences of Different Ownership Enterprises in China Li Zhanfang 1 ,Xu Jing’ (1. School of Economics, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036; 2. Dep町tmentofTechnical Economics, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang, Liaoningll0136) Abstract: Different ownership enterprises have different innovative incentives and different innovative efficiency. The paper investigates comparatively the innovative differences of different ownership enterprises. The paper finds that State-owned Enterprise (SOE) has more Ramp;D institutions, more Ramp;D investments, but less innovative efficiency. The paper also finds that Private Enterprise (PE) has the advantages on patenting and new product while its Ramp;D input is less. The difference in ownership nature is the main reason that induces SOE and PE having different innovative capacities. In order to enhance the innovative capacities of different ownership enterprises, China should further reform SOE, improve the operating environment ofPE and promote cooperation of SOE and PE. Key words: ownership; innovation differences; state-owned enterprise; private enterprise; foreign-funded enterprise 技术创新在经济和社会发展中扮演现实，即大部分行业在所有制上都形成的利润总额所占比重分别为27.8%、着核心角色，但我国目前的技术创新能了国有企业、私营企业、外资企业并存28.5%、28.3%，从业人员比重分别为力和水平还远远不能满足经济和社会d快的1昆合结构，甚至单一企业内部也可能19.2#039;1毛、34.7%、16.4%。国有及国有控速发展的需求。因此，我国将;构建以多种所有权并存。2010年全国规模以上股企业以最少的企业数量(4.5#039;1毛)占有企业为主体的创新体系，提高自主创新工业行业中，国有及国有控股企业工业了最多的资产(41.8%);外资及港澳台能力;作为一项重大战略。构建以企业总产值比重为2