27037本科自考英语语言学概论精心整理Chapter2Linguistics.docVIP

Chapter 2 Linguistics语言学The scope of linguistics:语言学的研究范畴 Linguistics is referred to as a scientific study of language.语言学是对语言的科学研究。 It may be a study of the structure of language，the history of language，the functions of language，etc.它可能研究语言,语言的历史、语言的功能等。 I这是一个科学因为“这是基于语言数据系统考察,语言结构” 2.1.1 Lyons’ distinctions 莱昂斯的区分 1) General linguistics and descriptive linguistics. 普通语言学与描写语言学The former deals with language in general whereas the latter is concerned with one particular language.前者处理一般语言，而后者涉及一个特定的语言。 2) Synchronic linguistics and diachronic linguistics. 共时语言学与历时语言学Diachronic linguistics tra