BluntTrauma幻灯片.pptVIP

Blunt Trauma;Introduction to Blunt Trauma Kinetics of Blunt Trauma Types of Trauma Blunt Trauma Explosion Other Blunt Trauma;Most common cause of trauma death and disability Energy exchange between an object and the human body, without intrusion through the skin;Kinematics;MOI;Index of Suspicion;Kinetics of Blunt Trauma;;;;44,000 people die each year on US highways Events of Impact Vehicle Collision Body Collision Organ Collision Secondary Collisions Objects inside vehicle strike occupant Additional Injuries Vehicle receives a second impact;Inertia and MVC’s;Restraints Seatbelts Occupant slows with the vehicle Shoulder and Lap belts MUST be worn together Injuries if worn separately Airbags (SRS) Reduce blunt chest trauma Cause: Hand, Forearm, Facial Injury Check for steering wheel deformity Side Airbags Child Safety Seats Infants and Small Children: Rear facing Older Child: Forward facing;Types of Impact Frontal: 32% Lateral: 15% Rotational: 38% Left Right – Front Rear Rear-end: 9% Rollover: 6%;Frontal Impact Down-and-Under Knee, femur, and hip fracture Chest trauma-Steering Wheel Paper Bag Syndrome Up-and-Over Tenses legs = Bilateral femur fracture Hollow organ rupture and liver laceration Similar chest trauma Axial Loading Ejection Due to up-and-over pathway Contact with the vehicle external object;Lateral Impact 15% of MVC’s but 22% of deaths Upper extremity injury Rib, clavicle, humerus, pelvis, femur fracture Lateral compression Ruptured diaphragm, Spleen fracture, Aortic injury EVALUATE the unrestrained occupant;Rotational Vehicle struck at oblique angle Less serious injuries unless strike a secondary object Rear-end Seat propels the occupant forward Head is forced backwards Stretching of neck muscles and ligaments Hyperextension hyperflexion Rollover Multiple points of impact Ejection or partial ejection Less injury with restraints;Vehicle Crash Analysis Hazards Crumple Zones Intrusion Deformity of Vehicle Use of Restraints Intoxication Fatal A