机械外文翻译 电梯基础知识-7_电梯控制系统.docVIP

7 电梯控制系统 Lift control system 电梯的控制主要是指对电梯在运行过程中的运行方向、轿内指令、层站召唤、负载信号、楼层显示、安全保护等指令信息进行管理，操纵电梯实行每个控制环节的方式和手段。 电梯的用途不同，可以有不同的载荷，不同的速度及不同的驱动方式和控制方式。即使相同用途的电梯，也可采用不同的操纵控制方式。但电梯不论使用何种控制方式，所要达到的目标是相同的，即根据轿厢内指令信号、层站召唤信号而自动进行逻辑判定，决定出哪一台电梯接受信号，自动定出电梯的运行方向，并按照指令要求通过电气自动控制系统完成预定的控制目的。 Lift control system is used to manipulate each control process by managing such commands as running direction, car call, landing call, load signal, landing indication, safety protection. Lifts in different applications have different load, speed and drive / control modes. Lifts in same application may also have different control mode. Whatever control mode is adopted, the objective is the same, to be specific, according to car call and landing call, lift control system will execute automatic logic judgment to determine which lift will receive signal, which direction lift will run towards and complete programmed control objective through electrical automatic system based on command. 7-1 电梯控制系统分类 Types of lift control system 从控制系统的实现方法来看，电梯的控制系统经历了继电器电梯控制、可编程序控制器（PC机）、单片微机控制、多微机控制多种形式，这些控制方式代表了不同时期电梯控制系统的主流，并且随着大规模集成电路和计算机技术的发展而逐步推陈出新，这些控制系统在目前的在用电梯中都有存在。 Control system development chronicle indicates that there has appeared many control modes, such as such as relay control, PLC, single computer control, multiple-computer control. Prevailing in different era, these control modes are still employed in lifts now due to massive integrated circuit and computer technology development. 7-1-1 继电器-接触器控制系统 Relay – contact control system 这种控制方式主要是20世纪80年代以前使用的一种电梯电气控制系统。该系统结构比较简单，易于理解和掌握。但使用上该系统有接点易磨损，电接触不好；接点闭合缓慢；控制柜体积大，占机房面积大；系统能耗大；维保工作量大，费用高等缺点。因此该系统已逐渐被淘汰。 Mainly used before 1980’, this control mode is simple in structure and easy to understand and master. However, it has almost been out of use because of having such advantages as wear-prone contact, poor contact, slow close-closing contact, big volume, time-demanding maintenance, high cost. 7-1-2 半导体逻辑控制系统 Semiconductor logic system 20世纪60年代末随着半导体