[农业]小麦显性矮秆基因复等位多态特性研究.docVIP

水稻籽粒微量元素含量的遗传研究进展 孙明茂1,2，洪夏铁3，李圭星3，曹桂兰1，于元杰2，韩龙植1 （1中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程/农业部作物种质资源与生物技术重点开放实验室，北京 100081；2山东农业大学农学院，泰安 271018；3韩国农村振兴厅作物科学院，韩国水原 441-100） 摘要：微量元素营养失衡已成为影响人类健康的最重要因素之一，给个人和整个社会医疗体系带来沉重的负担。植物育种策略，尤其是籽粒富集微量元素的谷物育种被认为是克服微量元素营养失衡的最经济和有效的途径。现有的研究已证实，在水稻基因组中存在控制籽粒高微量元素含量的基因位点，并且籽粒中微量元素含量的增加不仅不会影响到水稻产量，而且当种植于微量元素缺乏的土壤中，籽粒富集微量元素水稻品种的产量高于普通水稻。本文在概述水稻籽粒微量元素含量的遗传差异、环境效应的基础上，着重介绍了水稻籽粒微量元素含量的遗传、遗传相关和分子机理的研究现状以及籽粒富集微量元素水稻种质鉴定、筛选与创新现状，并提出今后以提高水稻籽粒微量元素含量为目标的功能性水稻研究的内容和方向为：提高水稻籽粒中微量元素的生物有效性，加强籽粒富集微量元素水稻种质的鉴定与筛选，进行籽粒微量元素积累的分子机理研究，积极开展籽粒富集微量元素的种质创新。 关键词：水稻种质；微量元素含量；遗传；基因定位；鉴定与创新 Progress of Genetic Research on Trace Minerals Content in Rice Seed SUN Ming-mao1,2, HONG Ha-choel3, LEE Kyu-seong3, CAO Gui-lan1, YU Yuan-jie2，HAN Long-zhi1 (1Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, NFCRI / Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081; 2 College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018; 3National Institute of Crop Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-100, Korea) Abstract: Malnutrion of trace minerals has been one of most essential causes of harm to human health, resulting in egregious costs including lower learning and work efficiency, higher morbidity and healthcare costs, excessive utilization of social medical resources and national economic resources. Plant breeding strategy, especially mineral content grain breeding, is regarded as the most economical and sustainable approach to overcome mineral malnutrition. Available researches have demonstrated that enrichment traits of trace minerals in rice seed are available within the genome of rice and could be substantially increased in the levels of trace minerals without negatively impacting yield. Furthermore, yield of variety with high trace minerals content in rice seed