第八章 TCPIP协议.pptVIP

Chapter 8 Communication Networks and Services The TCP/IP Architecture The Internet Protocol IPv6 Transport Layer Protocols Internet Routing Protocols Multicast Routing DHCP, NAT, and Mobile IP Chapter 8 Communication Networks and Services The TCP/IP Architecture Why Internetworking? To build a “network of networks” or internet operating over multiple, coexisting, different network technologies providing ubiquitous connectivity through IP packet transfer achieving huge economies of scale Why Internetworking? To provide universal communication services independent of underlying network technologies providing common interface to user applications Why Internetworking? To provide distributed applications Any application designed to operate based on Internet communication services immediately operates across the entire Internet Rapid deployment of new applications Email, WWW, Peer-to-peer Applications independent of network technology New networks can be introduced below Old network technologies can be retired Internet Protocol Approach Internet Names Addresses Internet Names Each host has a unique name Independent of physical location Facilitate memorization by humans Domain Name Organization under single administrative unit Host Name Name given to host computer User Name Name assigned to user leongarcia@comm.utoronto.ca Internet Addresses Each host has globally unique logical 32 bit IP address Separate address for each physical connection to a network Routing decision is done based on destination IP address IP address has two parts: netid and hostid netid unique netid facilitates routing Dotted Decimal Notation: 4 (intj = jth octet) 3 Physical Addresses LANs (and other networks) assign physical addresses to the physical attachment to the network The network uses its own address to transfer packets or frames to the appropriate destination IP address needs to be resolved to physical address at each IP network interface Example: Ethernet uses 48-bit ad