GPS测量坐标转换毕业论文.docVIP

摘要 论文系统介绍了各种坐标系统及坐标转换模型，在综合分析各模型的基础上，全面的阐述各模型间的内在联系，各自的特点和适用范围。这对于实际生产中正确的应用局部坐标系和地心坐标系的转换、各局部坐标系间的转换具有较强的指导意义。 论文针对GPS测量坐标转换方法中存在的问题，分析了强制符合平面四参数法和多项式拟合法，这两种方法能够有效的克服高程系统以及椭球参数不一致所造成的误差，比较适合于工程自由坐标之间的转换；论文介绍了莫洛金斯基坐标转换法与顾及协方差阵的三维非线性基准转换。 在遥感应用中，要将遥感影像的空间信息转换到其他坐标系中，一般通过几何校正来实现，这种方法工作量大而且不可避免会引入新的误差。论文从坐标转换的角度出发，通过事先计算两个坐标系之间的转换参数， 结合遥感影像中储存空间信息的方式，推导出遥感图像坐标转换的计算公式，并由此推导出根据坐标转换参数计算重采样像元坐标变换函数。根据论文中方法，可以很方便地实现遥感图像的坐标转换，将遥感图像的空间信息转换到不同坐标系下。关键词：坐标转换 遥感影像 GPS 模型 Abstract This paper gives all kinds of coordinate transformation models. After synthesized-analysis of all the models, this paper expounds the inherent affiliations, characteristics and applicable scopes at the first time. This topic will have a stronger guidance function in practical transformation from local geodetic coordinate system to geocentric geodetic coordinate system and from local geodetic coordinate system to local. In order to resolve the problem of the coordinates transformation between the WGS-84 and local geodetic system, four-parameter method with plane constraint and the method based on polynomial approximation are discussed. These approaches can get rid of errors come from height system unconformity and ellipsoid parameter difference in effect, and are suited for transformation between WGS-84 coordinates or local coordinates and project freedom coordinates. Meanwhile Molodensky method and weighted non-linear 3-Dimensional datum transformation algorithm is given in the paper. Spatial information of remote sensing images needs to be transformed to other coordinates system s in remote sensing applications, which is commonly accomplished by geometric correction. It needs hard work and will bring new error to remote sensing images. Based on the coordinate transformation, the transformation parameters between two coordinate systems are calculated in advance. Then coordinate transformation formula as well as function of remote sensing images is deduced on the basis of the way by which spatial inform