[信息与通信]一氧化碳检测装置的设计.docVIP

矿用一氧化碳变送器单片机软件设计 摘要 煤矿中含有CO(一氧化碳)等有毒气体，是煤矿下重要的危害源之一，是导致重大事故的因素。所以，对矿井中气体进行快速准确地检测显得尤其重要，对一氧化碳气体检测仪表的研究和开发也一直是人们关注的问题。在煤矿井下使用一种低功耗的智能仪表，该仪表能快速检测气体，保障矿工安全，减少事故发生。 本设计采用电化学传感器ME1-CO进行设计，在16位MSP430F2012单片机的控制下通过精密测量电路、报警电路、显示电路和红外模块等电路对煤矿井下作业环境空气中的一氧化碳气体浓度进行监测。电化学一氧化碳传感器产生的电信号极其微弱，因此需要采用低失调、低漂移的精密放大电路进行信号放大，再通过A/D转化为数字信号输入到单片机中进行数据处理。因为煤矿的环境复杂，传感器所测精度会随着周围环境温度的不同而不同，为了保障测量精度，在设计中选用了温度传感器18B20，对所测得一氧化碳浓度进行数字补偿，同时由显示模块实时显示浓度，由红外模块设定报警阂值，当一氧化碳浓度超过设定的报警阂值时报警电路报警。为防止掉电数据丢失，利用闪速存储器AT45DB161B存储报警闭值、数据采样原始信号和气体浓度等重要数据。通过实验，对传感器的可靠性和稳定性进行了验证，得出了一氧化碳传感器系统精度以及误差等参数能够满足生产要求的结论。 关键词　单片机；电化学传感器；一氧化碳 Design of Carbon-monoxide Gas Sensor Based on Abstract CO (carbon monoxide) and other toxic gases which contain in the mine is one of the most important harmful resources,and it is also the factors that lead to major accidents. Therefore, detecting gases of the mines quickly and accurately is particularly important, carbon monoxide gas detection instruments research and development has also been concerned. We use a low-power intelligent instrument in the coal mine, the instrument can quickly detect the gases, protect the miners safety and reduce the rate of accidents. In this design we use the electrochemical sensors ME1-CO to design the system. In the control of the 16-bit MSP430F2012,we use precision measurement circuit, alarming circuit, display circuit and infrared modules to detect concentrations of carbon monoxide of the mine operating environment. Electrochemical carbon monoxide sensor can generate extremely weak electrical signals, so we need to use the low offset and low drift precision amplifier to conduct signal amplification, and through the A / D converter to convert the signal into digital signal ,then put the digital signal into the MCU for data processing. Because of the complex environment of the mines, the sensor accuracy is varies as the measured ambient temperature change.In order to make sure the measurement accuracy,we choose the sensor 18B20 to digital compe