非谓语动词用法回顾.docVIP

非谓语动词用法回顾 作者：21ST 时间：2010-01-28  非谓语动词是高考重要考查项目，其难度在于它与句子结构、动词本身的用法、以及时态语态直接相关。要掌握好非谓语动词，关键要把握以下五点：一、牢记一些常用动词及特殊结构对其后的非谓语动词形式的不同要求。可以进行这样的归纳：哪些动词后习惯接动词-ing形式作宾语（enjoy, miss, imagine, avoid, admit…）?哪些动词后习惯接动词不定式作宾语（offer, decide, afford, refuse, promise…）?哪些动词后既可接动词不定式又可接动词-ing形式，但含义有区别（regret, forget, try…）?有序数词the first/second…/last 修饰名词或代词时，后面再跟非谓语动词作定语，用什么形式？……二、了解各类非谓语动词不同的句法功能。如：动词不定式可用来表示目的或一种出乎意料的结果；动词-ing形式可用来表示一种伴随状态或顺其自然的结果。例如：He fell off the bike, breaking his left leg.（从车上摔下，腿受伤是很自然的事）I woke up in the morning only to find all the ground outside covered with snow. (下雪是意料之外的事情)三、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系。如果非谓语动词的逻辑主语是非谓语动词动作的发出者，即两者之间存在主谓关系，就用非谓语动词的主动式，通常是动词-ing形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动式，通常是过去分词。例如：1) Walking in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. Walking短语与主语he是主谓关系，相当于When he was walking in the fields…2) Driven by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. Driven短语与主语farmers是动宾关系，相当于Because farmers are driven by…四、“连词+分词”结构中，分词的形式同样取决于分词与与其逻辑主语（通常即句子的主语）的关系，同第四点所述。1) No matter how frequently ________ (perform), the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. 2) While ________ (wait) for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work. Key: 1) performed; 2) waiting五、了解非谓语动词所表示的时间概念，如：不定式通常表示将要发生的动作，动词-ing形式表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经被完成的动作。如果一个动作发生在另一个动作之前，发生在先的动作要用非谓语动词的完成式。1) The Town Hall ________ (complete) in the 1800s was the most well-known building at that time. 2) The meeting ________ (hold) tomorrow is of great importance. 3) At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _______ (open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. 4) After finishing her work, she went home. (After finishing可改为________ )5) It is said that he has gone to Australia. (该句可改为He is said ________ to Australia. )Key: 1) completed; 2) to be held; 3) being opened and closed;4) Having finished; 5) to have gone高 考 原 题 回 放【回放一】1. Bill suggested ______ a meeting on wha