旅游概论复习资料.doc

旅游概论复习资料 旅游tourism 从需求的角度：the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.旅游是人们为了休闲、商务和其他目的，离开自己的常居环境、连续不超过一年的旅行和逗留活动。 从供给的角度： the tourist industry consists of all those firms ,organizations and facilities which are intended to serve the specific needs and wants of tourists’. 旅游业是为了满足旅游者需要和愿望的所有的企业、组织机构和设施构成的行业。 休闲leisure：the time available to an individual when work, sleep and other basic needs have been met .一个人工作、睡觉和其他需求后所拥有的时间 消遣recreation：pursuit engaged upon during leisure time.在休闲时间寻求参与性的活动。 旅游需求tourism demand ： The total number of persons who travel ,or wish to travel ,to use tourist facilities and services at places away from their places of work and residence.离开自己工作和居住的地方外出旅游或具有旅游的愿望，并使用旅游设施的人数总和。 1.有效需求或现实需求effective or actual demand: the actual number of participants in tourism who are travelling . 指参加旅游的实际人数或指那些正在旅游的现实旅游者。 2.受抑制的需求suppressed demand ： Is made up of that section of the populating who do not travel for some reasons。由人口中那些因各种原因不能参加旅游的部分构成。分两类： a.潜在需求potential demand ：refers to those who will travel at some future date if the experience change in their circumstance .指那些如果某些条件发生变化，在未来时间将参加旅游的人们。 b.延缓需求deferred demand ：a demand postponed because of a problem in the supply environment .指由于供给条件出问题而推迟的需求。 3.无需求no demand ：there will be those who simply do not wish to travel or are unable to travel ,constituting a category of no demand .总有一些人不愿意或不能参加旅游。 1.替代需求substitution of demand ：refers to the case when demand for one activity is substituted by another 指一种旅游活动需求被另一种旅游活动需求所替代。 2.转移需求redirection of demand ：where the geographical location of demand is changed because of something (which can’t be forecasted or controlled)由于某些（无法预见或控制）的原因导致需要旅游的地点发生变化。 （书上找不到明确定义，只说了“比如由于超额预订需要旅游的地点发生变化”，上面的纯粹是个人理解，仅供参考） 旅游倾向Travel propensity：indicators of effective demand in any particular population, consider the penetration of tourism t