单词语法.docVIP

　　动词可以变成名词，但规则不定，这是需要总结的。现举几个例子：　　后缀-er view—viewer lead—leader　　-ress act—actress　　-or act—actor　　-ion operate—operation celebrate—celebration　　-ment agree—agreement ship—shipment　　-ing build—building　　-ure fail—failure treasure(动名同型)　　-ance perform—performance　　-age marry—marriage　　-ence adhere—adherence　　至于名词变动词，按以上的规则，适当地去掉后缀就是了。　　动词变形容词的情形，多是动词分词化。多修饰事物，过去分词多修饰人，例如：　　fright—frighting(吓人的，多修饰事物)—frightened（受到惊吓的，多修饰人）　　please—pleasing—pleased interest—interesting—interested　　而有的动词其式形容词侧重于动作正在发生，是个过程；过去分词强调动作已完成，例：fall—falling（正在下落)—fallen（已经落下）　　还有一些规则：live—alive sleep—asleep　　形容词变动词，除了按以上规则逆着来，还有以下　　后缀-ful useful—use careful—care wonderful—wonder　　-less careless—care useless—use helpless—help　　-ly lovely—love　　-y rainy—rain snowy—snow　　-able comfortable—comfort acceptable—accept　　名词变形容词　　rain—rainy fog—foggy wind—windy snow—snowy storm—stormy blood—bloody sand—sandy fun—funny rock—rocky salt—salty sleep—sleepy health—healthy luck—lucky care—careful thank—thankful help—helpful use—useful beauty—beautiful friend—friendly respect—respectable respect—respectful humour—humorous　　形容词变名词按以上规则逆着来。　　副词　　定 义:　副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。　　分 类:　　1) 时间和:now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday.　　2):　　here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.　　3) 方式副词:　　carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly　　4) 程度副词:　　much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly.　　5):　　how, when, where, why.　　6):　　when, where, why.　　7):　　how, when, where, why, whether.　　用 法: