核电站与反应堆原理山东大学课程中心.ppt

* 燃料循环的第三个环节是铀的同位素分离，即铀-235的富集，以得到所需富集度的铀-235。我国的铀同位素分离开始采用的是气体扩散法。在进行气体扩散前，首先要将固态的二氧化铀(UO2)经过铀转换厂转化成六氟化铀(UF6)气体。然后利用气体扩散将分子量存在着细微差别的235UF6和238UF6分开。20世纪90年代，我国完成了由扩散法向离心法的过渡。采用气体离心法，其单位分离功耗电只是气体扩散法的5%，成本下降了75%。 Two enrichment processesGaseous diffusionThe EURODIF plant at Tricastin, which supplies more than one third of the worlds enriched uranium, uses the gaseous diffusion process. The process consists of passing UF6 gas through porous barriers. Because uranium 235 molecules are lighter, they pass through the barrier more quickly than uranium 238 molecules. The gas that passes throug