[计算机软件及应用]斯坦福大学机器学习课程讲义第一讲——机器学习介绍.pptVIP

Introduction Welcome Machine Learning SPAM Machine Learning Grew out of work in AI New capability for computers Examples: Database mining Large datasets from growth of automation/web. E.g., Web click data, medical records, biology, engineering Applications can’t program by hand. E.g., Autonomous helicopter, handwriting recognition, most of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Computer Vision. Machine Learning Grew out of work in AI New capability for computers Examples: Database mining Large datasets from growth of automation/web. E.g., Web click data, medical records, biology, engineering Applications can’t program by hand. E.g., Autonomous helicopter, handwriting recognition, most of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Computer Vision. Self-customizing programs E.g., Amazon, Netflix product recommendations Understanding human learning (brain, real AI). Introduction What is machine learning Machine Learning Arthur Samuel (1959). Machine Learning: Field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. Tom Mitchell (1998) Well-posed Learning Problem: A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if its performance on T, as measured by P, improves with experience E. Machine Learning definition Classifying emails as spam or not spam. Watching you label emails as spam or not spam. The number (or fraction) of emails correctly classified as spam/not spam. None of the above—this is not a machine learning problem. Suppose your email program watches which emails you do or do not mark as spam, and based on that learns how to better filter spam. What is the task T in this setting? “A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if its performance on T, as measured by P, improves with experience E.” Machine learning algorithms: Supervised learning Unsupervised learning Others: Rein