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Transcendentalism is literature,philosophical and literary movement that flourished in New England from 1836 to 1860.It originated among a small group of intellectuals who were reacting against the orthodoxy of Calvinism加尔文教派 and the rationalism of the Unitarian Church,developing instead their own faith centering on the divinity of humanity and the natural world. Transcendentalism derived some of its basic idealistic concepts from romantic German philosophy, and from such English authors as Carlyle, Coleridge, and Wordsworth. Its mystical aspects were partly influenced by Indian and Chinese r