废钨渣中钽、铌、钨高效共提新工艺研究-有色金属科学与工程.docVIP

废钨渣中钽、铌、钨高效共提新工艺研究 汪加军，王晓辉2，黄波1，郑诗礼2 （1. 中国矿业大学（北京）化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083；2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室，绿色过程与工程院重点实验室，北京 100190） 摘要：阐述了采用氟盐转型-HF-H2SO4浸出-氟盐氨转化循环利用过程同步提取废钨渣中的钽、铌、钨的新工艺。通过实验确定了最佳工艺条件，在最优条件下可分别获得Ta2O5和Nb2O5含量分别为6.08 %和27.29 %的钽铌富集渣及WO3含量为26.71 %的钨富集渣。两种富集渣均可直接用于工业生产。钽、铌、钨的单程回收率分别达到83.18 %、88.33 %和77.91 %。该方法工艺流程简单，操作条件温和，且由于氟盐可实现循环利用，工艺过程物料消耗低，成本低廉，技术经济性良好。 关键词：钨渣；钽；铌；氟盐；富集 Research on new process of high efficient co-extraction of tantalum, niobium and tungsten from tungsten residue WANG Jia-jun1, WANG Xiao-hui2, HUANG Bo1, ZHENG Shi-li2 (1. School of Chemical and Environment Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; 2. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China) Abstract: This paper describes a new technology which is used to co-extract tantalum, niobium and tungsten from tungsten residue using fluoride salt transformation-HF-H2SO4 leaching-fluoride salt recycling through ammonia conversion. The optimal technical conditions are ensured by experiments. Under the optimal condition, an enriched material with the contents of Ta2O5 and Nb2O5 are 6.08 % and 27.29 % respectively and an enriched material with the content of WO3 is 26.71 % are gained. The single pass recovery rates of tantalum, niobium and tungsten are 83.18 %, 88.33 % and 77.91 %, respectively. This technology process is simple and the operation conditions are mild. And as the fluoride salt used in this process can be recycled, the materials consumption and economic cost are low, and then this new process offers a favorable technical economy. Keywords: tungsten residue; tantalum; niobium; fluoride salt; enrichment 钨因其特有的物理、化学性能而被广泛应用于军工、电子、冶金、石油化工等重要工业领域，是一种重要的战略金属。我国是钨精矿消费大国，钨消费量、钨产品生产量及钨贸易量均居世界第一[1]。在处理钨精矿的过程中产生大量钨浸出渣。目前我国钨渣总量已达100万 t右，且正以每年7万 t的速度增长[2,3]。钨渣的化学成分和物相组成与钨精矿