Introducing IS-IS and Integrated IS-IS Routing参考.ppt

The IS-IS Protocol Introducing IS-IS and Integrated IS-IS Routing Uses for IS-IS Routing Large ISPs Stable protocol Originally deployed by ISPs because U.S. government mandated Internet support of OSI and IP IS-IS Routing IS = router. IS-IS was originally designed as the IGP for the Connectionless Network Service (CLNS), part of the OSI protocol suite. The OSI protocol suite layer 3 protocol is the Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP). IS-IS uses CLNS addresses to identify routers and build the LSDB. IS-IS Features Link-state routing protocol Supports VLSM Uses Dijkstra’s SPF algorithm; has fast convergence Uses hellos to establish adjacencies and LSPs to exchange link-state information Efficient use of bandwidth, memory, and processor Supports two routing levels: Level 1: Builds common topology of system IDs in local area and routes within area using lowest cost path. Level 2: Exchanges prefix information (area addresses) between areas. Routes traffic to area using lowest-cost path. IS-IS Link-State Operation Integrated (or Dual) IS-IS Routing Integrated IS-IS is IS-IS for multiple protocols: For IP, CLNS, or both Uses its own PDUs to transport IP routing information; updates not sent in IP packets Requires CLNS addresses, even if only routing for IP Integrated IS-IS Design Principles Issues with Integrated IS-IS Default narrow metrics are limited to 6-bit interface and 10-bit path metric In Cisco IOS Software Relase 12.0, wide metrics allow 24-bit interface and 32-bit path metric. Cisco IOS software has default metric of 10 on all interfaces. End System-to-Intermediate System ES-IS forms adjacencies between ESs and routers (ISs). IP end-systems do not use ES-IS. ESs transmit ESHs to announce their presence to ISs. ISs transmit ISHs to announce their presence to ESs. ISs transmit IIHs to other ISs. Four OSI Routing Levels Similarities Between IS-IS and OSPF Integrated IS-IS and OSPF are both open standard link-state protocols with the following similar feat