林窗与生物多样性维持.pdfVIP

生态学杂志 　200 1 ,20 (5) :64 - 68 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Chinese Journal of Ecology 林 窗 与 生 物 多 样 性 维 持 梁晓东 　叶万辉 　蚁伟民 ( 中国科学院华南植物研究所 ,广州 5 10650) Gap Dynamics and the Maintenance of Biodiversity. Liang Xiaodong , Ye Wanhui , Yi Weimin ( S out h China I ns tit ute of ) B otany , Chinese A cademy of S ciences , Guangz hou 5 10650 . Chinese J ou rnal of Ecology , 200 1, 20( 5) :64 - 68. This p ap er reviewed t he concept ,formation and function of gap and develop ed a new concept ,canop y rift . It refers to t he 2 small 1 - 25m rift in t he canopy caused by t he different distribution p attern of t he canopy sp ecies or breakage ,standing deat h and treefall . Canopy gap ,mainly caused by smallscale disturbances including natural disturbance regime and human disturbance regime ,is an important p hase in t he forest regeneration cycle . It plays a leading role in t he formation and maintenance of t he p atches mosaic structure in a forest community . Corresponding to t he t hree p hases of t he forest regen eration cycle ,p atches can be classified into t hree typ es :gap p hase ,building p hase and mature forest . Many factors may contribute to t he maintenance of biodiversity . Here we divided t hem into ①intrinsic factors ,mainly including t he biologi cal and ecological characteristics of t he sp ecies and ②external factors ,t he heterogeneity of habitat . The formation of gap s leads to t he diversification of microenvironment ,and changes t he typ e and magnitude of understory . Gap imp act s t he for est microenvironment ,community structure and dynamic process. Gap causes different status of renewal between pioneer sp ecies