生殖道防御机制之探讨-通识教育中心-开南大学.PDFVIP

通識研究集刊 第 十一 期 2007 年 6 月 頁 39 ～52 開 南 大 學 通識教育中心 生殖道防禦機制之探討 ∗ 張樂心 摘要 私密處困擾是女大學生最常遇到，也是最想了解的健康問題之一，國外研 究顯示高達1/4的大學女生曾有生殖道感染病史，俗諺十女九帶，加上台灣氣候 潮濕悶熱，私密處困擾應該更加普遍。傳統徹底清潔的錯誤觀念只會讓陰道感染 更形惡化，即使以抗生素治療，不僅效果不彰，副作用大且覆發率高達5成，約 有1/12的女性深受每年4次以上的反覆感染之苦。生殖道與外界相通且緊鄰肛 門，為扺抗各式病原菌入侵，已演化出複雜且高效率的防禦機制。本文將回顧生 殖道防禦機制的相關研究，探討共生乳酸菌與先天免疫的重要角色。乳酸菌是生 殖道中的優勢共生菌種，藉由維持酸性環境、分泌抗菌物質來抑制其它菌種生長 或粘附在上皮組織中，我們也討論可能會破壞菌種平衡的一些行為。先天免疫防 禦系統則包括能辨識病原體聯合分子模式的模式辨識接受體，及數量種類龐大的 細胞激素與抗菌胜肽，先天免疫亦可引發生殖道獨特的後天抗體免疫系統。女性 生殖系統就是藉由結合乳酸菌，先天與後天免疫反應來預防病原體的入侵與生 長。 關鍵字：生殖道、乳酸菌、先天免疫、模式辨識接受體、抗菌胜肽 ∗ 開南大學通識教育中心專任副教授 39 2 通識研究集刊 第十一期 Defense Mechanism of the Human Genital Tract Le-Shin Chang Abstract Urogenital infections are major medical problems affecting female college/university students. They are also some of the medical issues they want to learn more about. A foreign study have shown that 1 in every 4 female students indicated having had a urogenital infection previously. A traditional China’s proverb stated that “9 in 10 women have leukorrhea” which reveal that this issue is common. We can conclude that it is more common in Taiwan due to its warm and humid climate. Thorough cleaning may cause the infection to grow worse, and even through antibiotics treatment the likelihood of recurrence rate could be as high as 50% and associated with side effects. 1 in12 has reported more than 4 episodes a year. This exposure of the female genital tract to the external environment already carri