高中语法之定语从句详解及高考真题.docVIP

新高一 必修一 语法之定语从句 岳人杰 基本概念 什么是定语从句？ 定语从句相当于形容词，修饰主句中的名词/代词（即先行词），通常位于先行词之后，分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。 分类： 限制性定语从句用来修饰和限制先行词，与主句关系密切，若去掉，主句的意思不完整，主句和定语从句之间不能用逗号隔开。 非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，与主句关系不密切，若去掉，主句的意思还很完整，主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开。 3. 定语从句三要素：先行词、引导词、引导词在定语从句中做成分。 【自我检测】 1) 判断下列句子是否是定语从句： The school was built where there was a hospital. The school was built at the place where there was a hospital. 2）判断下列句子是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句： His young sister, who is 18 years old, is a college student. His young sister who is 18 years old is a college student. 如何选择引导词？ 三步走： 认识引导词。这是解题的基础。 找准先行词。判断先行词是人还是物，是原因、时间还是地点。 确定还缺谁。分析定语从句中缺主语还是宾语、表语，缺定语还是状语。 认识引导词 引导词的作用： 桥梁作用：连接主句和从句。 替代作用：代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 引导词的用法比较： 引导词 替代 （人/物/其它） 用于 （限制性/非限制性） 在定语从句中做 关系代词 that 人/物 限制性 主、宾、表 which 物 限制性/非限制性 主、宾、表 who 人 限制性/非限制性 主、宾、表 whom 人 限制性/非限制性 宾、表 whose 人/物 限制性/非限制性 定 as 物 限制性/非限制性 主、宾、表 关系副词 when 时间 限制性/非限制性 时间状语 where 地点 限制性/非限制性 地点状语 why 原因 限制性/非限制性 原因状语 注意：what不能引导定语从句，that只引导限制性定语从句。 【当堂练习1】 The hours ______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationship with real-life people. when B. that C. in which D. on which The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where 3. In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to go. (06上海) A. where B. when C. which D. what 4. A fast food restaurant is the place _____, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.（04上海） A. which B. where C. there D. what 5. We visited the Forbidden City, _____ is on e of the most beautiful places in Beijing. A. where B. which C. in which D. that 6. I work in a business _____ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that 7. George Orwell, _____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.（04北京） A. the real name B. what his real name C. his r