第六章b局域网技术.ppt

Chapter 6Medium Access Control Protocols and Local Area Networks Part II: Local Area Networks Overview of LANs Ethernet Token Ring and FDDI 802.11 Wireless LAN LAN Bridges Chapter 6Medium Access Control Protocols and Local Area Networks Overview of LANs What is a LAN? Local area means: Private ownership freedom from regulatory constraints of WANs Short distance (~1km) between computers low cost very high-speed, relatively error-free communication complex error control unnecessary Machines are constantly moved Keeping track of location of computers a chore Simply give each machine a unique address Broadcast all messages to all machines in the LAN Need a medium access control protocol Typical LAN Structure Medium Access Control Sublayer In IEEE 802.1, Data Link Layer divided into: Medium Access Control Sublayer Coordinate access to medium Connectionless frame transfer service Machines identified by MAC/physical address Broadcast frames with MAC addresses Logical Link Control Sublayer Between Network layer MAC sublayer MAC Sub-layer Logical Link Control Layer Logical Link Control Services Type 1: Unacknowledged connectionless service Unnumbered frame mode of HDLC Type 2: Reliable connection-oriented service Asynchronous balanced mode of HDLC Type 3: Acknowledged connectionless service Additional addressing A workstation has a single MAC physical address Can handle several logical connections, distinguished by their SAP (service access points). LLC PDU Structure Encapsulation of MAC frames Chapter 6Medium Access Control Protocols and Local Area Networks Ethernet A bit of history… 1970 ALOHAnet radio network deployed in Hawaiian islands 1973 Metcalf and Boggs invent Ethernet, random access in wired net 1979 DIX Ethernet II Standard 1985 IEEE 802.3 LAN Standard (10 Mbps) 1995 Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) 1998 Gigabit Ethernet 2002 10 Gigabit Ethernet Ethernet is the dominant LAN standard IEEE 802.3 MAC: Ethernet MAC Protocol: CSMA/CD Slot Time is the critical