Rationale(TESOL硕士作业lessonplan).docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 4 Rationale（lesson plan） This article will analyse the rationales of three lessons which cover listening, speaking, reading, writing, vocabulary and grammar instructions, focusing on the topic of rules and laws. The analyses will be demonstrated one by one first, and then some general methods and approaches throughout all lessons will be illustrated. Lesson 1 is an instruction combining listening skills and grammatical rules of modal verbs. The typical use of modal verbs in the listening materials have decided on the teaching method of learners’ consciousness-raising of grammatical rules during the listening procedure. In the pre- task phase, authentic materials are displayed to give the students a general concept of how modal verbs construct the language of expressing rules. This step is setting the background information and making the learners familiar with the topic to be performed (Shehadeh, 2005, p.27). Right before listening, learners are given the task of predicting the contexts where the language takes place. To this extent, in the process of listening and dictating, the students are not only checking their spelling accuracy but also picking up the meaning of the language (Shehadeh, 2005, p.27). Thompson (1996, p.11) has suggested that “learners should first be exposed to new language in a comprehensible context” to understand its function and meaning, and then be led to notice the grammatical forms used to convey the meanings. As lesson 1 shows, learners are asked to underline modal verbs and pay attention to the stress, incorporating weak forms and linking at either phonological or syntax level in the third-time listening. After the forms are noticed and drilled, students are asked to interpret the relationship between form and meaning, that is, to clarify the function of modal verbs in describing rules. By performing this step, learners analyse the meanings, reason out how the forms fit into the sentences, and intake the knowl