(精选)【COPD英文课件课件】 COPD教学课件.pptVIP

COPD All you wanted to know about COPD but were afraid to ask… What to expect: Definition Epidemiology Risk Factors History/Physical Findings Diagnostic Studies Overview of Current Treatment Options Treatment of exacerbations What is COPD? a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. Includes: Emphysema: an anatomically defined condition characterized by destruction and enlargement of the lung alveoli. Chronic Bronchitis: a clinically defined condition with chronic cough and phlegm; and small airways disease, a condition in which small bronchioles are narrowed. Epidemiology: Currently 4th leading cause of Death in United States (also on the rise in Europe, Africa and Asia) With recent increase in female smoking, COPD now affects men and women equally, with early COPD patients now being predominately women. Non-caucasian ethnic groups are also catching up to caucasians in prevalence of COPD. Very Costly: Direct cost of COPD in 2002 were ~$18 billion.? Risk Factors SMOKING Airway hyper-responsiveness Occupational/Environmental Exposures mining, textiles, ?second hand smoke Genetics alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency There has been familial COPD clusters so other genetic factors likely play a role as well Think about COPD if your patient has: Cough Sputum Production Often first thing in the morning. Exertional Dyspnea Activities involving significant arm work, particularly at or above shoulder level, are particularly difficult for patients with COPD. Conversely, activities that allow the patient to brace the arms and use accessory muscles of respiration are better tolerated. Any of those risk factors from the last slide What do you see on exam? Most often nothing obvious, especially early in disease state-could be normal Often more helpful to rule out other diseases with similar symptoms (e.g heart failure) Classic Pink Puffer/Blue Bloater Not very often. Treatment: What has SHOWN benefit? Smoking Cessation Oxygen Therapy mor