AIS和安全.doc

AIS and global safety ? ? Marko Perkovi?, M.Sc. ? University of Ljubljana Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transportation ? Summary In response to the terrorist attacks that took place in the United States on 11 September 2001, the US Congress, Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) of International Maritime Organization (IMO), and various agencies quickly realized that vessels and maritime facilities are vulnerable to large scale acts of terrorisiom. Passenger vessels are very fast and carry large number of people meanwhile harbours are extremely exposed, accessible and busy. ? It has long been realised that an automatic electronic reporting device fitted to a ship would be beneficial to safety at sea, protection of the marine environment and the identification and monitoring of maritime traffic. With the advent of Differential Global Navigation Satellite Systems, and modern data communication techniques an automatic reporting system was developed for maritime applications. It uses the maritime mobile VHF band for the transmission and reception of its data signals and has been defined as a Universal Automatic Identification System (AIS). ? Maritime Safety Committee adopted amendments to Chapter V of International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) to require the installation of AIS on ships. AIS offers tremendous potential to achieve significant awareness of vessels operating in the maritime domain which will improve maritime security. These amendments will enter into force on 1 July 2002 and provide a phase in schedule that begins in 2002 and ends in 2008 depending on ship type and tonnage. ? The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness and find applicability of AIS and Vessel Traffic System against terrorist attacks. INTRODUCTION The global radio transponder system called the Automatic Identification System (AIS) is the outcome of years of work by several international organizations in particular IMO, the International Association of Marine Aids to Na