Activation Energy Calculation in Detail：详细的活化能的计算.docVIP

Modeling Thermal Death of Fruit Flies For Jack By Shaojin Wang and Juming Tang The thermal mortality data determined by the heating block system have been validated by infestation studies in apples (Wang et al., 2005, in review), cherries (Feng et al., 2004, Hansen et al., 2004), and walnuts (Wang et al., 2001, 2002c; Mitcham et al., 2004). Those data are successfully used to develop the thermal death kinetic models for codling moth (Wang et al., 2002a), Indianmeal moth (Johnson et al., 2003), navel orangeworm (Wang et al. 2002b), Mediterranean fruit fly (Gazit et al., 2004), red flour beetle (Johnson et al., 2004) and Mexican fruit fly (Hallman et al., 2005). The following is the further application of the fundamental thermal death kinetic model to four fruit flies in Hilo, HI. Thermal death kinetic model (0.5th order) The kinetic model is similar to that previously used for codling moth (Wang et al. 2002a), Indianmeal moth (Johnson et al., 2003) and navel orangeworm (Wang et al. 2002b), and is based on the following equation: (1) where n is the kinetic order of the reaction. The integration form of equation 1 can be obtained for different reaction orders as follows: (2) For each temperature, survival (N/N0) was regressed against exposure time (t) according to equation 2 for the 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 reaction orders. The most suitable reaction order was determined by comparing the coefficients of determination (R2) for all treatment temperatures (Table 1). Activation Energy Calculation From TDT curve, the activation energy can be calculated as: (3) From k-T curve, the value of k changes with temperature, following an Arrhenius relationship: (4) Taking logarithm for both sides, we can derive the following: log k= log A - Ea/(2.303*R*/T) (5) Ea can be calculated from the slope of the k-T curve. Thermal death kinetic models for eggs Table 1a. Coefficients of determination (R2) from kinetic order (n) models for thermal mortality of Mediterr