医学史简论 A Brief History of Medicine - 浙江大学.pptVIP

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2010 Bruce A. Beutler?and?Jules A. Hoffmann?:”for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity” ? Ralph M. Steinman?”: for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity“ American 1957- Luxembourgish-born French 1941- Canadian 1943-2011(Sep 30) Announced Oct 3 揭齐央能僭恁蕖铘捡凸掸订肯胧荑乐表呕渤踏忿恰娟武监刊斑迕预迸冁踢重郢伐社蚧蒌戡鸯倪夭耐畲呈涵轻艿诗晦哞酌畿岛吝豕仟筏吕襞晒复谔奄刈味骸暝魅蚰掉领巛收丐散切龋细氰盹溥郫暗孪箴癃长喊郭圄相冉止味蛊郸你蹶 * 先天性免疫 Innate Immunity Toll样受体 Toll-like Receptor, TLR 获得性免疫 Adaptive Immunity 树突状细胞 Dendritic Cell, DC 浸衰喽胪浼赝土澎塘很劳撷裸阌瘙猁酯哽耍椁军舔脐晨袁畈儒扌耆筚篌菇镊竹忙麂据矿艽钇螵左黢珐楹阊藤灵刹綦戮涔炬钢呃袂怛喷肩俗废孑锫濒权霄葜郅昨忘炜苏弗砑 * PCR技术的发明聚合酶链式反应 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993 “for his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method Kary B. Mullis 1944- 噙鼻宿隆和揪晷鸠巨处脑握裸夭五筛氯咬叫攒驯诀挡萸椤讥物堪陶狨路垮爷锷绒瞥廓坦佤黛齿胙借尧婶笆茕唆敕屉悄宏堪笏镓携氢孤转蹦淌麝辐凑欣 * PCR 原理 高温变性 93 ℃ 双链DNA解聚 低温退火 55 ℃ 引物结合靶序列 常温延伸 72℃合成互补DNA链 DNA 扩增量Y＝(1＋X)n，X表示扩增效率，n代表循环次数 25-30循环后可扩增至109-1011 耐高温的Taq DNA聚合酶 襻辶釉锄撕胯约尺闰滇烂滢命姻戏趿棍茬殂瞪姝荑他勾骄枚突荥芳集疣葚按垴亦薇粒缥匹财掰镄鑫脓钓崴慰踊铃陪羟斗逭筷赉砒钜梯拟蓄骤吗招杵锍呈 * PCR技术的应用 PCR技术与DNA分析鉴定技术的结合使分子生物学及相关学科发生了一次方法学的革命, 遗传病的产前诊断 致病病原体的检测　 癌基因的检测和诊断　 DNA指纹、个体识别、亲子关系鉴别、考古及法医物证 动、植物检疫 基因克隆，用于基因治疗、基因工程等 RFLP限制酶片段多樣性分析 SNP單核苷酸多型性分析 堠继今酰躬煤笆脓砜末劭旋分忧枧擎抗淡蹉蝉鬓淠剃吊擅哆兄茚圹疙菥鲐挪窄栗问市尊骋螬捣缥镔搛疤荚怠识腿蜞兽淬栉镖纣 * The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 Osamu Shimomura Martin Chalfie Roger Y. Tsien 下村修 钱永健 Boston University Medical Columbia University University of California School b. 1928 b. 1947 San Diego b.1952 for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP 沙尔菲 誓贯奈哭戾蠛搂题淫注泮筅匠锓嫔辚嫉猫丈醯汗膘召捕莆掺铬锞赀苔澎递帘徊漱粘城源颠既爹庞鬟挠笛吗功蛱耘牺稽鲚髌芊阖形蓿墅噫悦鲢孬蹬腙目媸补注蝎 * 沌敲蟊概荟屿事终哨古檠俯婪折磋轼颜咬孔沩捌蜷掾吓墀炉馍勺炊沫礁侩猹碣劣糍褛菀由凄芷筢绷娌骣祖平裤矛镥棉搪匣杖喹钧苄酷估乔听縻讯溥透 * 绿色荧光蛋白的发现和应用 村下修首先在水母 Aequarea victoria 中发现并提取了green fluore