应用高精度数值地形模型于三维落石问题分析-中华水土保持学会.PDF

中華水土保持學報, 44(1): 1-10 (2013) 1 Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 44 (1): 1-10 (2013) 應用高精度數值地形模型於三維落石問題分析 顧承宇 * 摘 要 台灣之自然環境特性多為地形陡峻、地質破碎、節理發達，再加上民國 88 年間之 921 大地震後與民國 99 年之 88 水災後，使得岩坡表面之開裂節理鬆動，在颱風、地震或豪雨 過後常發生落石災害。本研究利用集塊質量法發展可直接應用於工程規劃設計之整合性三維落 石分析技術，同時本研究之落石分析可結合高精度測量資料或是地表雷射測距儀技術所製作之 高精度數值地形模型資料，針對落石問題提供完整之評估技術以供落石災害分析評估與落石地 質敏感區劃設之應用。 關鍵詞：落石、集塊質量法、回彈係數、三維分析、數值高程模型。 Three-dimensional Numerical Modeling of Rockfalls using High Resolution DTM * Cheng-Yu Ku ABSTRACT Taiwan is an active mountain belt created by the oblique collision between the northern Luzon Arc and Asian continental margin. These inherent geological complexities naturally created numerous rock mass discontinuities in this area, which exist in many forms such as fissures, cleavages, beddings, joints, and even faults. In past decades, rockfall hazards triggered by earthquake activity and heavy rainfall have frequently occurred in Taiwan, especially after the 921 earthquake in 1999 and Typhoon Morakat in 2009. Considerable rockfall hazards have increased dramatically and become a major obstacle for engineers. This study develops a 3-D numerical rockfall model based on the lumped mass method which treats the falling block as a point mass and allows mass free fall, im- pact and rolling motions in a 3-D framework. It is hoped that the 3-D rockfall analysis program can be useful for analyzing regional scale rockfall problems as well as for delineating areas of rockfall susceptibility. Key Words : Rockfall, lumped mass method,