高三英语小考点归纳二.docVIP

高三英语小考点归纳二 在英语学习中，我们常常遇到一些表面结构上很相似的短语，就像弟兄们一样，难分难辨。这些短语看似没多大差别，只不过使用了不同介词而已。正是由于不同介词的介入，才使貌似弟兄们的短语却有着天壤之别。现对这类短语加以归纳辨析，希望对同学们的学习有所帮助。1.on sale; for saleon sale意思是“上市、出售”，主要指商店里的货物；而for sale意思是“待售”，通常指由私人物主出售物品。例如：The house is for sale.此屋出售。Autumn is coming here, apples must be on sale now.秋天来了，现在苹果一定上市了。2. on purpose; for purposeon purpose 意思是“故意的”，“不是偶然的”；for purpose意思是“为了（目的）”。例如：The naughty boy sometimes does things on purpose to annoy me.这调皮的孩子有时故意做些事来气我。For what purpose did you do it?你那样做是为了什么？3. to oneself; for oneself; by oneself; of oneselfto oneself意思是“私自的”，“为……所独有”。例如：He has a room to himself.他有自己的一个房间。for oneself意思是“独立的”，“为自己”。在用作“独自地”或“亲自”时，可与by oneself换用。例如：Do you have anything to say for yourself?你还是有什么可为自己辩解的吗？You must find it out for (by) yourself.你必须亲自把它弄清楚。of oneself意思是“自动地”，“自然而然地”。例如：The door opened of itself.门自动开了。4. after a time; at a time; for a timeafter a time 意思是“过了一会儿”，相当于after some time和after a while，常与终止性动词的过去时连用。例如：After a time they went out for playing.过了一会儿他们就出去玩去了。at a time意思是“一次”。例如：Please take this medicine three times a day and two pills at a time.请服用这种药，一日三次，一次两片。for a time意思是“曾经一度”，相当于at one time,常与一般过去时连用。也可解释为“过了一会儿”，相当于for a while，常与持续性动词连用。例如：He lived in New York for a time.他曾经一度生活在纽约。He rested for a time and went on with his work.他休息了一会，又继续干他的工作。5. at no time; in no timeat no time意思是“无论何时都不”，位于句首时，句子要倒装；in no time意思是“马上、立刻”，相当于at once, right now, immediately.例如：At no time should we break the school rules.无论何时我们都不应违反校规。Wait for a moment, he is coming in no time.等一会儿，他马上就来。6. at the moment; for the moment; to the momentat the moment意思是“此刻、目前”，如果用在现在时态中，就相当于at this moment, at present。也可以用在过去时态中，相当于at that time(moment), then。例如：I know her address well enough, but I can’t think of it at the moment.我是知道她的地址，可眼下却想不起来了。I didn’t buy the dictionary because I had no money with me at the moment.我没买那本字典，因为当时我身上没钱。for the moment意思是“暂时、一时”。例如：Now let’s stop discussing for the moment