滇池外海北岸封闭水域控养水葫芦对水质的影响.docVIP

滇池外海北岸封闭水域控养水葫芦对水质的影响 张志勇1 徐寸发1,2 刘海琴1 张晋华2 杨光明3 张迎颖1 韩亚平4 李晓铭5 秦红杰1 闻学政1 严少华1** 1江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 南京 210014 2南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院 南京 210094 3江苏省滆湖渔业管理委员会办公室 常州 213161 4昆明市滇池生态研究所 昆明 650228 5昆明市环境监测中心 昆明 650034 摘 要 在滇池外海北岸污染严重的0.25 km2封闭性蓝藻治理试验示范区内控养水葫芦修复污染水体，6月底按9.30 kg m-2投放水葫芦种苗，控养面积2.51 hm2，示范区水面覆盖度为10%。结果表明：水葫芦放养后生长迅速，特别是在7-9月份，最大生长速率达372.7 g m-2 d-1；整个植株干物质平均N、P含量分别为23.22 g kg-1和5.03 g kg-1，每吨鲜重水葫芦吸收1.63 kg N、0.35 kg P，通过水葫芦种养示范工程，直接由示范工程水域吸收带走1.15吨N， 0.25吨P；水葫芦生长期间(7月-12月)，种养区较对照区水体DO、SD和pH均有下降；水葫芦根系具有较好的吸附拦截浮游藻类效果，致使种养区水体TN、TP和CODMn浓度显著高于对照区，并与水体Chl-a浓度显著正相关；水葫芦采收后并未引起二次污染，水质无恶化趋势。综上分析得出，规模化控养水葫芦可显著削减水体N、P等内源污染负荷，同时对浮游藻类吸附拦截效果明显，可将其滞留于特定水域，又能吸收利用藻类衰亡释放到水体的污染物，减轻外部空白水域水质恶化的压力。 关键字 滇池；水葫芦；富营养化；氮；CLC X52 Effects on Water Quality of Enclosed Water in the North of Waihai of Dianchi Lake with Confined Growth of Eichhornia crassipes* ZHANG Zhiyong1,XU Cunfa1,2,LIU Haiqin1,ZHANG Jinhua2,YANG Guangming3,ZHANG Yingying1,HAN Yaping4,LI Xiaoming5,QIN Hongjie1,WEN Xuezheng1YAN Shaohua1** 1Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China 2School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China 3Fisheries Management Commission of Lake Gehu, Changzhou 213216, China 4Dianchi Lake Ecology Institute, Kunming 650228, China 5 Kunming Environment Monitor Center, Kunming 650034, China Abstract For the purpose of eutrophicated water restoration, Eichhornia crassipes were confined growth in cyanoabacterial governance zone, an enclosed water area (0.25 km2), nearby the north shore of Wai hai,Dianchi lake. 9.30 kg m-2 Eichhornia crassipes seedlings were planted with covering 10% of the water area at the end of June. Results showed that the Eichhornia crassipes grow rapidly after planting, especially from July to September, and the maximum growth rate was 372.7 g m-2 d-1.The percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant