广东省惠阳一中实验学校高一英语：Unit 2《Healthy eating》学案4（人教版必修三）.docVIP

Grammar 【学习目标】1,熟悉情态动词的概念和交际功能；2,在交际中根据不同的语境选择使用正确的情态动词; 【重点难点】 重点:情态动词的语法特征及交际功能 难点:区分不同语境下使用不同情态动词表达不同的含义 I. 知识梳理 一． 主要情态动词 can, could, may, might, must, ought to, need, dare, dared can 表能力：I can read very fast. 表客观可能性：Mary can’t be the leader. 表允许：You can take it away. 表怀疑：How can you finish it? 2. could 表能力/可能性：Could you finish it soon? 表怀疑：He could not be 50.[来源:GkStK.Com] 委婉地提出问题：Could you show me the passport? 用于虚拟：If you had come, you could have got a wonderful gift. 3. may 询问或说明可不可以做：May I ask you a question? 表可能会发生：He may get angry. 表目的或让步的从句：Come here in time so that you may see the singer. 4. might 表可能的事：（同may） 表目的从句：（同may） 用于虚拟： If you had finished it, the boss might have given you some promotion. 6. must 表必须做的事：You must hand in your homework this Friday. 表揣测：It must have rained last night. 表“偏偏”的意思：He must get a fever when we were ready to get off. 7. ought to 表应该做的事：You ought to do it carefully. 表非常可能的事：He ought to be here by now. 8. need 表需要；主要用于否定句或疑问句：We needn’t hurry. 可用于否定意思的句子：I don’t think you need do it. 作及物动词，和不定式连用：He didn’t need to say that to her. 9. dare 表“敢于”，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句：He dare not tell him the news. 作及物动词，与不定式连用：We don’t dare to enter the house. 二. 比较 shall , should ought to shall用于第一，三人称疑问句，征求意见或请求 shall第二，三人称陈述句,命令,警告,允诺,威胁 should 表劝告，建议，命令，顺理成章 ought to 表应该，语气＞should 美语中，ought to用于否，疑问句时to 可省。 多数情况下，ought to可与should互换使用。 疑问句中常用should代替ought to。 Ought to的反意疑问句用shouldn’t替代。 Ought to表示“想必会”时语气较must 弱。 你最好不要抽烟了。 You should/ ought to stop smoking他们想必已到那儿了。 They ought to be there by now.(语气较must 弱) 三. 比较had better, should ought to 三者均表示建议，意为“应该”，“应当”或“最好做…”. 三者的语气程度为渐强。 Had better指一般性的建议，最弱。 Should ought to含义相近，常可互换。区别在于，ought to常指特殊情况下的“应当”。Should则指一般情况。见例句。 You ought to help him because he is in trouble now.(语气强，有命令意味。) You should have a rest after finishing your sports.（一般性建议）[来源:GkStK.Com] 四. 比较dare need 情态动词 实义动词 dare[来源:GkStK.Com] 否，疑，条 dare not do[来源:高[考∴试﹤题∴库GkStK] 否,疑don’t dare to do