浙江2016高考英语二轮全程练习 第三部分 阅读理解技法与文体演练 课时25 阅读理解文体技法（8）-生态、环保类.docVIP

　阅读理解文体技法(8)——生态、环保类 Ⅰ.阅读理解文体技法演练 【精要提示】　“人与自然和谐发展”是时 解答生态环保类题目时，在理解文章的基础上，要重点突破归纳主旨大意技能，因为推断是以整体理解为基础的能力。那么，怎样归纳主旨大意？ (1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：找出每小段的主题句。主题句通常有这样的特点：①有一个话题(topic)；②有阐述控制性概念(controlling idea)，偶尔也可在一段中间；③有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。 (2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中 应观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”，考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。 【高考经典练】 (2015·四川卷，D)Their cheery song brightens many a winters day.But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much.Robins are singing all night—as well as during the day，British－based researchers say.David Dominoni，of Glasgow University，said that light from street lamps，takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds biological clock，leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.Dr Dominoni，who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns，said lack of sleep could put the birds health at risk.His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab，it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.And the more birds are exposed to light，the more active they are at night.He told people at a conference，“There have been a couple of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing.Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.So by increasing their song output，there might be some costs of energy.” And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light.Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal．Dr Dominoni said，“In Glasgow where I live，gulls are a serious problem.I have people coming to me saying ‘You are the bird expert.Can you help us kill these gulls？’．During the breeding(繁殖)season，between April and June，they are very active at night and very noisy and people cant sleep.”Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution，other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud no