GKZ高空作业车液压泵站阀块和电气控制系统的设计说明书[带图纸].doc

摘 要 高空作业车广泛用于建筑、市政、机场、工厂、园林、住宅等场所，从事消防、抢险救灾、安装、维护等工作。本文针对徐州海伦哲工程机械有限公司GKZ14型高空作业车，进行了大量的理论研究和实验测试。 本设计是对该车的重要组成部分----液压系统和电气控制系统进行设计和研究，其液压系统由上车液压系统和下车液压系统组成。两者之间由中心回转接头连接(垂直升降式高空车除外),上车液压系统由变幅系统、伸缩系统和回转系统三个基本系统组成。在整个液压系统设计中，采用制动器控制克服了液压马达存在内泄而平衡阀不能锁住停在空中的重物，使重物可靠地停在空中。制动器采用恒压外控，可以进一步降低平衡阀的开启压力，提高回路效率。 从安全性、可靠性角度看，高空车不同于一般的工程机械, 其特点是作业频率不高, 负荷较小, 但要求安全性, 可靠性较高。因此, 高空车应具备紧急停止装置。高空车在各执行机构动作的终点位置设限位装置, 尤其是对于折叠臂式及混合臂式的高空车应设中臂限位装置, 以确保整车的稳定性。高空车的变幅系统和伸缩系统的速度必须加以控制, 以防止产生“超速”现象。 因此，为保证高空作业车的工作稳定、可靠、安全，作业灵活，效率高，设计出优良的液压系统和电气控制系统就显得尤为重要。 [关键词]：高空作业车；制动器；内泄；恒压外控；限位装置。 Abstract The high-altitude working machine has been widely used in architecture, city planning, airport, factory, garden, house and other place. It plays an important role in fire protection, dealing with an emergency, construction, installation, maintenance and so on. Aiming at the GKZ14 high-altitude working machine of XhZhou HaiLun machinery Group, It does a lot of theoretical research and experiment test. This design is carries on the design and the research to this vehicleimportant constituent ---- hydraulic system and the electricitycontrol system, its hydraulic system by boards the hydraulic systemand alights the hydraulic system to be composed. Two between (verticalfluctuation type upper air vehicle is an exception) by the centerswivel joint connection, boards the hydraulic system by the amplitudesystem, the expansion and contraction system and the rotary systemthree basic systems is composed. In the entire hydraulic systemdesign, used the brake control to overcome in the oil motor existenceto release but the by-pass valve not to be able to lock in stops inthe airborne heavy item, caused the heavy item reliably to stop inairborne. The brake uses outside the constant pressure to control, mayfurther reduce the by-pass valve to open the pressure, enhances thereturn route efficiency. From the security, the reliable angle looked that, the upper airvehicle is different with the general project machinery, i