城市区域似大地水准面精化与应用研究-测绘工程专业论文 word格式.docxVIP

摘要随着城市经济的快速发展，厘米级似大地水准面已成为现代测绘，尤其是空间技术和信息化服务所必需的基本条件。利用多源化数据，结合先进的现代地球重力场理论与方法，确立高精度、高分辨率的城市区域似大地水准面，并将其成果转化为生产力，具有十分重要的经济与科学意义。本文首先讨论了国内外（似）大地水准面的发展状况，并系统讲述了高程系统及基准面。随后，分析了GPS/水准拟合方法中存在的问题，重点对利用重力方法确立似大地水准面的理论和方法进行了分析。并对重力基准、重力数据处理以及最终似大地水准面的确立进行了说明与实例分析，得出了一些有意义的结论。另外，根据当前的生产实践需要，对似大地水准面的成果应用进行了相应的研究。研制了似大地水准面和坐标转换的计算软件。结合CORS综合服务系统，提出了似大地水准面成果的应用服务扩展。从而，使得用户在外业作业时，可直接利用PDA所加载的似大地水准面模型实现由GPS测得的大地高向水准高的直接转换，实现GPSRTK与似大地水准面模型的有效结合。或者，用户通过网络连接，登录相关服务系统，进行转换计算，从而满足GPS用户实时获取水准高程的需求。关键词：高程系统;GPS／水准; 似大地水准面; 基准面; 重力法; 应用服务扩展; RTK; 实时iAbstractWiththerapideconomicdevelopmentofthecity，theQuasi-geoidwithaprecision atcentimeterlevelhasbecomethenecessaryconditionsofthemodernsurveyingand mapping, especially in space technology and information services. It has importanteconomicandscientificsignificance,toestablishtheurban-regionalquasi-geoidand maketheachievementsintoproductivitywithmulti-sourcedata,moderntheoriesand methods theofdetermining the Earths gravitational field.Inthispaper,thedevelopmentofQuasi-geoidathomeandabroadhasfirstly discussed.Then,therelationsbetweenelevationsystemanddatumplaneareintroduced systematically.Subsequently,asthereexistsmanydeficiencyintraditionalmethodsof GPS-leveling,theauthoranalysesit,andmainlystudiedthetheoriesandmethodsofestablishingthequasi-geoid with thegravity. Furthemore，with the specific examplesandanalysis,thegravitydatum,thedataprocessingandthemethodestablishingthefinal quasi-geoidare compared, thus obtaining some significant conclusions.Moreover,integratingtheneedofproduction,ithasbeenresearchedtothe applicationsofthequasi-geoid’sfindings.Studythesoftwareofquasi-geoidandthe softwareoftransformingcoordinate.WiththesystemofCORS,gettingtheapplication serviceabouttheresultsofquasi-geoid.So,whiletheusersworkattheoutdoors,they willobtainthenormalelevationswhicharedirectlytransformedbythegeodetic elevationofGPSwiththequasi-geoidmodelofPDA,andmaketheRTKofGPSandthe modelofquasi-geoidtoeffectivelyrealizethecombination.Ontheotherside,with connec