物理化学Exercise 3-1.docxVIP

Physical Chemistry (I) Exercises 3-1, April 28, 20121 True or false? (a) Since a Carnot cycle is a cyclic process, the work done in a Carnot cycle is zero. (b) A change of state from state 1 to state 2 produces a greater increase in entropy when carried out irreversibly than when done reversibly. (c) The heat Q for an irreversible change of state from state 1 to 2 might differ from the heat for the same change of state carried out reversibly. (d) The higher the absolute temperature of a system, the smaller the increase in its entropy produced by a given positive amount of reversible heat flow. (e) The entropy of 20 g of at 300 K and 1 bar is twice the entropy of 10 g of at 300 K and 1 bar. (f) The molar entropy of 20 g of at 300 K and 1 bar is equal to the molar entropy of 10 g of at 300 K and 1 bar. (g) For a reversible isothermal process in a closed system, must be zero. (h) The integralin equation(perf. gas) is always equal to . (i) The system’s entropy change for an adiabatic process in a closed system must be zero. (j) Thermodynamics cannot calculate for an irreversible process. (k) For a reversible process in a closed system, is equal to.2 For , is nearly constant at for temperatures in the range to and low or moderate pressures. Find for the reversible adiabatic compression of 1.12 g of from 400 torr and 1000 to a final volume of 250 . Assume perfect-gas behavior.3 A system consists of of gas. A mass spectrometer separates the gas into the speciesand. Calculate . Isotopic abundances:,; 4 A certain gas obeys the equation of state where b and c are constants. Find expressions for and for a change of state of this gas from to ; neglect the temperature and pressure dependence of . 1 True or false? (a) Since a Carnot cycle is a cyclic process, the work done in a Carnot cycle is zero. (b) A change of state from state 1 to state 2 produces a greater increase in entropy when carried out irreversibly than when done reversibly. (c) The heat