2011年8月27号可能考到机经整理.docVIP

2011年8月27号可能考到的全科机经 乐闻携尔倾情奉献 2008.08.23（北美） 3 阅读 3 听力 4 口语 6 写作 7 2009.04.03（北美） 7 阅读 7 听力 9 口语 11 写作 12 2009年9月11号 13 阅读 13 听力 13 口语 14 写作版本一 15 写作版本二 18 2009年11月7日北美 19 阅读 19 听力 19 口语 20 写作 20 2009年11月21北美 21 阅读 21 听力 24 口语 26 写作 27 2010年1月1日北美 28 阅读 28 听力 30 口语 31 写作 32 2010年1月30号北美 33 阅读 33 听力 36 口语 37 写作 37 2010年2月13日 38 阅读 38 听力 38 口语 38 写作 38 2010年3月6日 39 阅读 39 听力 41 口语 41 写作 42 加灰部分为独立作文思路讲解，斜体部分为背景材料 2008.08.23（北美） 阅读 工业革命的特点 The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the times. It began in the United Kingdom, then subsequently spread throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way. Most notably, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth. In the two centuries following 1800, the worlds average per capita income increased over 10-fold, while the worlds population increased over 6-fold. In the words of Nobel Prize winner Robert E. Lucas, Jr., For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth. ... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before. Starting in the later part of the 18th century, there began a transition in parts of Great Britains previously manual labour and draft-animal–based economy towards machine-based manufacturing. It started with the mechanisation of the textileindustries, the development of iron-making techniques and the increased use of refined coal.[4] Trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved roads and railways. The introduction of steam power fuelled primarily by coal, wider utilisation of water wheels and powered machinery (mainly in textile manufactur