民事执行论文：我国民事执行异议之诉制度研究.docVIP

民事执行论文：我国民事执行异议之诉制度研究 【中文摘要】执行救济制度是民事执行法律体系的重要组成部分。随着2007年《民事诉讼法》的修改及2008年相关司法解释的颁布施行,我国民事执行救济制度得到了进一步完善,救济方式更为科学,救济程序更为规范。特别是我国民事执行异议之诉制度的创设,将非诉形式的执行异议程序性救济修改为由执行机构初步审查,再通过诉讼形式予以救济。这一变化明确将执行当事人、案外人在程序上的与在实体上的救济方式予以区分,对实体争议的处理程序诉讼化,在审查程序上也有了较以往更为明确的规定,为执行当事人和案外人合法权益的保障提供了有效途径。这是民事执行救济领域立法的一大进步。然而,我国执行异议之诉制度设计尚存在不少缺陷,在立法上和司法实践中也存有诸多问题,仍需进一步完善。本文拟从目前我国执行异议之诉制度的现状入手,通过对域外执行异议之诉制度差异进行比较分析,探求适合国情、适应司法实践的民事执行异议之诉程序构架和制度设计,为完善我国民事执行救济制度提供必要参考。本文共分为四个部分:第一部分是对民事执行异议之诉制度基本理论的概述。首先,介绍了民事执行异议之诉的概念及种类,论述了执行异议之诉的特征,明确其是执行程序中的实体性权利救济方式。其次,结合学术界的各种学说,评析了执行异议之诉的法律性质。最后,论述了执行异议之诉制度的功能。第二部分是对大陆法系典型国家和地区民事执行异议之诉的立法现状、相关制度和司法实践进行考察,比较分析不同制度之间的利弊,借鉴其立法经验,以期在此基础上完善我国民事执行异议之诉制度。第三部分是对我国民事执行异议之诉制度现状的概述,在肯定异议之诉制度价值和现实意义的同时,详尽分析了该制度目前存在的种种弊端和不足。从诸多方面论证了我国民事执行异议之诉制度需进一步完善的必要性和可行性。第四部分是在充分理论论证基础上,对完善我国民事执行异议之诉制度提出的一些构想。在分离异议之诉程序与审判监督程序、设立债务人异议之诉制度等执行异议之诉制度完善方面,提出了自己的建议。 【英文摘要】The relief system is an important part of the legal system of civil enforcement. With the amendment of the Civil Procedural Law of PRC in 2007 and the enaction of judicial interpretation in 2008, the relief system of civil enforcement has been further improved, the relief method more scientific and the relief procedure more standardized. Especially, with the initial establishment of the system for the lawsuit of civil enforcement in China, the original procedural relief system of non-litigation forms has been replaced by the substantive relief system of action forms. The change makes a clear distinction between procedural relief and substantive relief for the litigants and the third party in civil enforcement. The review process has also been more clearly defined than ever before, and it provides an effective way for the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the litigant and the third party. This is a big progress in the field of the relief legislation of civil enforcement. However, the system for the lawsuit of enforcement in China is still not perfect. There are many problems to improve in the legislation