【2018年整理】工业设计史——18世纪的设计与商业.ppt

在18世纪中叶，技术性的机器、工具、仪器很多 都采用了当时流行风格的形式和装饰。但从1750年起，一些新型的设计出现了。它们从传统的形式中解脱出来，在设计中强调简洁、合理的形式。这一点充分体现于一些科学研究用的仪器之中。 　　 第七节 新条件下的设计 多伦德于1755年制作的天文尺-------- 这些作品，它们的形式与其使用的目的是一致的，因而反映了理性思维的特点，从19世纪开始，机器开始大量进入各种产业之中，由此，在各种非家用的机器和产品的设计中，功能主义的趋向便愈加明显地发展起来。 　　 第七节 新条件下的设计 螺纹生成机-------------- 第四节 切普代尔与18世纪的家具业 18世纪家具制造业最重要的一个方面是劳动的不断专业化，这推进了在生产前进行产品规划的思想，使设计、绘图员成了家具公司的雇员。这些公司越来越重视在全国范围内积极推销产品，而不限于满足当地的需要。大多数公司都在伦敦繁华区设立了产品展销厅，以扩大影响。 第四节 切普代尔与18世纪的家具业 Chippendale chairs Find out how to identify Chippendale furniture and a little about the man who started the Chippendale style. Thomas Chippendale was a furniture maker of the mid to late 18th century. He was probably born in 1718 but there is no record of his birth, only his baptism in that year. He was the son of an Otley, Yorkshire, England carpenter and most likely an apprentice to his father. 第四节 切普代尔与18世纪的家具业 Chippendale chairs There are no records of his early life and training but by 1753 he was established in London as a furniture maker. In 1754 he published the first of three editions of his Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker’s Director, a catalogue of English furniture design. This book is probably the major reason he is one of the world’s best-known furniture makers ever. The description Chippendale has been applied to much of the well-made, English furniture of the 18th century. This is not because the furniture was made by Thomas Chippendale or his factory but because the word Chippendale has become synonymous with a distinguishable style. Surviving furniture actually made by Thomas Chippendale would be rare to the extreme and would require a verifiable provenance. 第四节 切普代尔与18世纪的家具业 Chippendale chairs Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker’s Director is the picture book of the Chippendale style. This catalogue allowed wealthy patrons to pick