现在完成时全面解读.doc

现在完成时全面解读 一．概念： 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，也可以表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。? 二. 时间状语： 1. just,?already,?yet,?ever, recently,?before,?twice,?three?times, so?far, up?to?now,?till?now 2. since+（过去时间)时间点, since +一段时间+ ago, 与since +从句（从句用一般过去时） since yesterday, since last week, since last Monday, since last month, since last spring, since last term, since last year, since 1949, since 1978; since half an hour ago, since two days ago, since three weeks ago, since four months ago, since five years ago; since I became a teacher, since he went to college, since she joined the army； 3. for+一时间段 for an hour, for two days, for three weeks ,for four months, for five years 4. in?the?last?few?hours, in the last few days, in the last few weeks, in the last few months, in the last few years 5. in the past few hours, in the?past?few days, in the past few weeks, in the past few months, in the past few years ? 三. 谓语构成：have/has + 过去分词 四．用法说明： 1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在的影响或结果，常与just, already, yet, recently, before, twice, three times等时间状语连用，如： I?have?seen?the?film?already.?我已经看过那部电影了。(现在我知道电影的内容了。) Have?you?seen?my?bag??你看到我的手提包了吗??(你知道它在哪里??) 2. 表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，并且有可能继续延续下去，常与“since+时间点”，“for+一时间段”，及how long, (ever) since, ever, before, so far, in the last/ past few years, up to now, till now等时间状语连用。如： She?has?been?a?dancer?for?ten?years.?她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。 We’ve?planted?thousands?of?trees?in?the?past?few?years.?过去几年我们种了成千上万棵树。 So?far?there?has?been?no?bad?news.?到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。 They’ve?lived?here?since?1989.?从1989年起他们就在这里住了。 I?saw?Julia?in?April?and?I?haven’t?seen?her?since then. 我四月见到朱莉娅，从那之后就没见到她了。 He has learned English for two years.他已经学习两年英语了。 I have been here for three days.我在这里已经3天了。 His father has worked in that factory since 1991.?他爸爸自1991年以来都在这家工厂工作。 I’ve had a cold since last Friday.?自上星期五起我就感冒了。 Jim has waited there since half an hour ago.吉姆自半个小时前就已经在那里等候了。 He has stayed here since three weeks ago.??他在这儿已呆了三个星期。 The Greens have lived in Beijng since they came to China.