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International Journal of Green Energy, 5: 241–254, 2008 Copyright Ó Taylor Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1543-5075 print / 1543-5083 online DOI: 10.1080/15435070802229134 INTRODUCTION OF THE CARBON TAX BASED ON THE IMPUTED PRICE OF CARBON FOR THE POST KYOTO PROTOCOL SCENARIO Ken’ichi Matsumoto School of Policy Studies, Kwansei Gakuin University/JSPS Research Fellow, Hyogo, Japan This paper proposes introduction of a carbon tax based on the imputed price of carbon (ICT) for the post Kyoto Protocol period considering the global participation and economic equity. Although the first commitment period is coming, climate change measures have made little progress due to the institutional defects of the Kyoto Protocol. To remedy such defects, a carbon tax is a suitable method. ICT is compared with the internationally common carbon tax using an applied general equilibrium model from environmental and economic perspectives. It is proven that ICT is a more appropriate method for the post Kyoto Protocol, considering the environmental and economic aspects simultaneously. Keywords: International climate change policy; Post Kyoto Protocol; Imputed price of carbon; Carbon tax; Economic equity INTRODUCTION Although the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol (2008–2012) is coming, climate change measures have made little progress globally and achievement of the quantitative goals of the Kyoto Protocol are still far for most of the Annex B countries ratifying the Kyoto Protocol. In addition, although it is indispensable to estab- lish international climate change policies for the post Kyoto Protocol period as soon as possible to abate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and stabilize the climate, the related discussions have not been advanced, yet. Therefore, the policies for the post Kyoto Protocol period must be developed immediately to maintain the international efforts against climate change. There have been a number of studies and proposals related to the post Kyoto Protocol scena