泵的原理和应用.pptVIP

Pump Principle and Application泵的原理和应用 David Lao 13-Oct-10 In This Course主要内容 Pump Classification 泵的分类 Working principle 泵的工作原理 Pumps on site 现场应用 Pump Definition 泵的定义 A pump is a device used to move liquids and move liquids from lower pressure to higher pressure Pump Classification泵的分类 Classification by principle Dynamical pump 动力式泵 centrifugal pump 离心泵 volute pump 旋涡泵 mixed flow pump 混流泵 axial flow pump 轴流泵 Positive Displacement pump 容积式泵 reciprocating pump 往复式泵 rotary pump 转子泵 Other type Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 A centrifugal pump converts the input power to kinetic energy in the liquid by accelerating the liquid by a revolving device - an impeller. Fluid enters the pump through the eye of the impeller which rotates at high speed. The fluid is accelerated radially outward from the pump chasing. A vacuum is created at the impellers eye that continuously draws more fluid into the pump. Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Single suction Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Double suction Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Double suction (cooling pump) Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Single ? Double ? Why? Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Multi-stages Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Impeller Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Terms Head A measurement of the height of a liquid column which the pump could create resulting from the kinetic the pump gives to the liquid. The two main factors in determining how much head a pump creates are: impeller Diameter, RPM. Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Terms Cavitation 汽蚀 当泵入口处压力等于或小于同温度下液体的饱和蒸汽压时，液体发生汽化，气泡在高压作用下，迅速凝聚或破裂产生压力极大、频率极高的冲击，泵体强烈振动并发出噪声，液体流量、压头及效率明显下降的现象。 Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Terms NPSHr 必需汽蚀余量 为了使泵不发生汽蚀，泵的叶轮进口处，单位重量液体所必须具备的，超过汽化压力的富余能量；单位 m(H2O）。 Hz = Ha – Hc - PV/γ - (NPSH)r - 0.3 Hz：安装高度 Ha：当地大气压 Hc：吸入管路的阻力损失 Pν/γ：抽送液体温度下的饱和蒸汽压力 Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Terms Vapor Lock 气锁 离心泵启动时，如果泵壳内存在空气，由于空气的密度远小于液体的密度，叶轮旋转所产生的离心力很小，叶轮中心处产生的低压不足以造成吸上液体所需要的真空度，这样，离心泵就无法工作，这种现象称作“气锁”。 Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Question Centrifugal Pump 离心泵 Pump Performance Curve H-Q 扬程-流量