一种新型非接触常温测量方法的研究-测试计量技术及仪器专业论文.docx

摘要非接触红外测温是目前重要的温度测量方式之一。它具有响应速度快、测量范围宽、 灵敏度高等优点，因而被广泛应用于各个领域。用非接触方式测量动态物体的温度目前 多采用红外辐射法。但用红外辐射法测量常温下动态物体的温度是比较困难的。针对目前非接触红外测温的现状，本文提出了一种新型非接触常温测量方法。它是 一种利用致冷参考温度比较法对室温下的物体进行非接触方式检测的方法。基本工作原 理是用半导体致冷技术产生一个较低的参考温度与被测常温物体温度进行比较，然后得 到被测物体的相对温度。相对温度与致冷块的参考温度相加获得常温物体的真实温度。 基于测温的基本原理，本文设计实现了新型非接触常温测量系统。在测温系统中， 相对温度信号（非接触红外信号）经过自主采样式热释电探测器的调制、接收后转变成 正弦电压信号。致冷块的参考温度信号（接触温度信号）经过 Pt100 的电桥电路转换为 标准电压信号。这两个电压信号经过放大、滤波、整形和 A/D 转换电路转换成数字信号 ， 再送到单片机进行数据处理、补偿和显示。为了提高温度测量的精度，在系统设计过程中，采用最小二乘法、模糊 PID 控制等软件算法进行温度补偿。 经模拟实验表明，用新型非接触测温方法对常温下动态物体温度进行测量不但能够克服由于测量温差过小所产生的信噪比较小问题，而且还可以补偿由于环境温度变化等 所产生的测量误差，大大提高了温度测量的精度。关键词: 半导体致冷，参比温度，热释电效应，自主采样，相关检测，模糊 PID 控制器， 温度补偿ABSTRACTAs an important way of temperature measurement, non-contact infrared measurement has many advantages, such as rapid reaction, wide measurement range and high sensitivity. Therefore, non-contact infrared temperature measurement is used in many fields. Infrared radiation method is usually adopted in non-contact measurement of running objects temperature. But it is hard to measure temperature of running objects at room temperature by this method.Aiming at present status of non-contact infrared temperature measurement, this paper puts forward a new type method of non-contact normal temperature measurement. It is a non- contact measurement method for running object at room temperature using refrigeration parameter reference. The following is basic working principle of temperature measurement. After comparing the lower reference and measured temperature, relative temperature of measured workpiece is obtained, and then real temperature of objects is obtained after adding relative temperature to reference temperature of semiconductor refrigerator.Based on the principle of temperature measurement, this paper designs a new type system of non-contact normal temperature measurement. In this system, relative temperature signal (non-contact infrared signal) is transformed to sinusoidal voltage signal after received and modulated by auto