国家、市场与社会：秦淮河污染治理的多维动因＊.pdfVIP

＊ 国家、市场与社会：秦淮河污染治理的多维动因 ＊＊ 周晓虹 内容提要：1950－2005 年间，秦淮河前后经历了五次较大规模的治理。前 三次治理以防洪排涝为目标，后两次治理则将污染治理提到议事日程，并进而力 图改善南京市的水系生态环境质量。文章以第四和第五次治理为主要分析事件， 力图说明秦淮河的污染治理受到了提高或改善城市或政府形象和谋求市场经济 利益的双重力量的推动。同前三次相比，国家因为经济动员的能力增加，使其保 持了政治动员的潜能；而市场的力量则因污染治理的经济效益而凸现出来。相比 之下，尽管在问题的形成和议论方面，社区或社会的力量已经逐步显现，但离真 正影响污染治理的进程尚有相当的距离。 Abstract：During the years from 1950 to 2005, the Qinhuai River in Nanjing has undergone five times of large-scale renovations. Whereas the first three were targeted at preventing flood and water logging, the last two gave first priority to pollution reduction, with the aim of improving the ecological environment of the water system in Nanjing. This paper presents a close analysis of these last two renovations, trying to indicate how the control of the Qinhuai River pollution is achieved under the dual impetus of enhancing or improving the public image of the city or the government on the one hand, and seeking the marketing economic benefit on the other. Compared with the previous three times of renovations, the government secures its potential of political mobilization through an increase in its economic mobilization capacity; at the same time, the market, being motivated by the economic benefit in sight, has also exhibited its force in the pollution controlling project. On the other hand, although the community or the society have revealed their power in the formation and discussion of the problem, there is still a long way to go before they can have any real influence over the prevention ＊ 本文资料来源于“从秦淮河污染的历史、现状和成因看中国地方大城市社会型特征”的调 查项目，调查组织者为朱安新博士，参与调查的有南京大学社会学系 2003级孟庆延、徐铭、 姚莹、钱力成和秦锐等 16位本科生，特此致谢。 ＊＊ 周晓虹博士，上海高校社会学 E研究院（上海大学）研究员、南京大学社会学系教授 （210093，xhzhou@）。 1 and control of