基于地理信息系统的车载天线通信距离分析-analysis of vehicle antenna communication distance based on geographic information system.docxVIP

摘 要本文主要研究了几种典型环境下电磁波的传播模式和衰减机理，据此推导了 车载天线通信距离的计算表达式，对比分析了各种环境下计算结果随频率等参数 的变化规律，并将计算结果在地理信息系统上进行了显示。电磁波的传输损耗是研究集群车载通信系统的一个关键参数，它直接影响了 车载天线通信距离的大小和发射机信号的覆盖范围。集群车载通信系统的工作频 率涉及短波、超短波和分米波等多个频段，每个频段的电磁波对应不同的传播模 式，产生传输损耗的机理也不相同。本文主要分析了几种典型环境下电磁波传输 损耗的计算方法，包括电离层环境、空旷环境（地表平坦的空旷环境和地表起伏 的空旷环境）和城市环境（市区、郊区、乡村、林区）。最后，结合算例对比分析 了车载天线在各种环境下通信距离的变化规律。关键词：车载天线通信距离传播模型衰减机理传输损耗AbstractThe propagation model and attenuation mechanism of electromagnetic wave in several typical environments are mainly presented in this paper, according to which the author derives formulas to calculate the communication distance between vehicular antennas, and comparatively analyze the variation discipline of the results that change with frequency or other parameters, besides, the results are displayed on the geographical information system.The transmission loss is a crucial parameter when research Multi- vehicularcommunication system, which affects communication distance between vehicular antennas and coverage area of transmitter signal directly. The using frequency of Multi- vehicular communication system involves wide band, including short wave, ultra short wave and decimeter wave, and every kind of electromagnetic wave corresponds with particular propagation model, so the mechanisms of producing loss are different. This paper analyzes the methods to calcula te the transmission loss of electromagnetic wave in several typical environments, which include ionosphere environment, open environment(the flat and the ups and downs) and city(downtown area, suburbs, countryside and forest zone). Ultimately, the author comparatively analyzes the variation discipline of the communication distance between vehicular antennas in every environment by means of examples.Keywords: vehicular antennacommunication distancepropagation model attenuation mechanis mtrans mission loss目 录第一章 绪论.....................................................................................................................11.1 选题背景及研究工作的意