(妇产科学教材）6.1（参考翻译） Abortion.pptVIP

ABORTION 流 产 one of the diseases of abnormal pregnancy 一种异常妊娠相关疾病 牟晓玲 Definition 定义 termination of pregnancy before the 28th week of gestation, the weight of fetus less than 1000g. 怀孕28周前终止妊娠，胚胎重量 小于1000g。 Categories 分类 spontaneous abortion (SA ) 自然流产 induced abortion 人工流产 early abortion 早期流产 (before 13th week) late abortion 晚期流产 (13th - 28th week) Abortion SA Incidence 发生率 SA bout 自然流产发生率 10-15% 80% of abortions: before the 13＋6th week Etiology 病因 A. Embryonic factors 胚胎因素 B. Maternal factors 母体因素 E. Environmental factors 环境因素 D. Environmental factors 环境因素 Chemical materials 化工原料 Physical factors 物理因素 Drugs and radiation 药物和辐射 Pathology 病理 (early abortion 早期流产) Embryo death Decidua basalis bleeding Detached embryo retroplacental hematoma uterine contractions cervical dilatation abortion Vaginal bleeding Abdominal pain Pathology 病理 (early abortion 早期流产) 胚胎死亡 底蜕膜出血 胚胎分离 胎盘后血肿 子宫收缩 宫颈扩张 流产 阴道流血 腹痛 8th week pregnancy: villi（绒毛） immature（未成熟）, embryo separate totally 胚胎完全分离 8-13+6th week: villi mature 绒毛成熟, implanted closely 植入紧密, embryo separate difficult 胚胎分离困难, expulsion incomplete 排出不完全 13+6th week: the placenta is well formed. 胎盘完全形成 expulsion of fetus followed by placenta 胎盘同胎儿一并排出 Clinical manifestations 临床表现 Amenorrhea（停经） Vaginal bleeding (阴道流血) Abdominal pain（腹痛） ＜13+6 week, vaginal bleeding first, then abdominal pain ＞13+6 week, abdominal pain first, then vaginal bleeding Clinical categories 临床分类 Threatened abortion 先兆流产 Inevitable abortion 难免流产 Incomplete abortion 不全流产 Complete abortion 完全流产 Special abortions Missed abortion 稽留