压力容器焊接(毕业设计).docVIP

压力容器的焊接 摘 要 众所周知，压力容器是在石油化学工业、能源工业、科研和军工等国民经济的各个部门都起着重要作用的设备。而由于密封、承压及介质等原因，容易发生爆炸、燃烧起火而危及人员、设备和财产的安全及污染环境的事故，因此世界各国均将其列为重要的监检产品，由国家指定的专门机构，按照国家规定的法规和标准实施监督检查和技术检验。同样的，对于它的生产要求也不能放松。焊接作为压力容器生产的主要环节，可谓是重中之重。 本文从压力容器焊接接头设计、压力容器焊接材料的选择及常用的焊接方法等方面简单地介绍了压力容器焊接方面的基础知识。基于手工电弧焊设备简单、工艺灵活及对各种刚适应性强等特点，手工电弧焊成为压力容器最主要的焊接方法，本文详细的介绍了手工电弧焊在压力容器焊接中的应用及常见的焊接缺陷和预防方法。 关键词：压力容器，手工电弧焊，石油化工，焊接方法 PRESSURE VESSEL OF WELDING ABSTRACT With the high-speed development of national economy, oil chemical industry and products by the extensive use of air, large capacity pressure container storage tank of low temperature low pressure liquid is regarded as the priority development of production important products. The use of pressure vessel is very extensive. It is in the oil industry, the energy industry, scientific research and military industry and so on the economy in each department plays an important role in the equipment. According to the pressure of pressure vessels are rated: low pressure containers, medium voltage containers, high pressure vessel and ultrahigh pressure container. I do this topic discussion is medium voltage containers (code M 1.6 MPa than p 10.0 MPa) welding process design. Based on manual arc welding equipment simple, flexible and to all sorts of technology just strong adaptability and other characteristics, this paper I used manual electric arc welding and Choose model ZGX-300 rotary dc machines. The welding structure, from bottles of welding joint structure design, welding materials selection principle of all-round expounded on medium voltage vessel welding process design and introduces mainly the manual arc welding range of knowledge KEY WORDS: Medium pressure vessure，，，摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 前　言 1 第1章 压力容器及其焊接接头的结构设计 3 1.1 压力容器简介 3 1.2 压力容器焊接接头分类 4 1.3 压力容器焊接坡口 5 1.3.1 选择坡口形式和尺寸应考虑下列因素： 5 1.3.2 焊接接头和坡口的设计 5 第2章 压力容器焊接材料的选择原则 6 2.1 压力容器焊接材料的选择原则 6 2.1.1 选择焊接材料等强性原则 6 2.1.2 对工艺因素的考虑 6 2.1.2 按不同焊接方法的特点选择材料 6 2.1.3 合理的经济性 6 2.2 电焊条的选择 7 2.2.1 16MnR钢焊条选用的焊条牌号及直径 7 2.2.2 焊丝和焊