CCNA读书笔记(第一篇).pdf

（2006 年8 月）baobao 制作 CCNA 读书中英文参考笔记 Key words ：segmentation router switch bridge 1. Breaking up a larger network into a number of smaller ones is called network segmentation, and it’s accomplished using routers, switches, and bridges. 把一个大的网络分成许多子网络称为网络分段，可使用路由器、交换机和网桥来完成。 Key words ：router Remember that routers are really switches, but they’re actually what we call layer 3 switches. Unlike layer 2 switches that forward or filter frames, routers (layer 3 switches) use logical addressing and provide what is called packet switching. 记住，路由是真正的交换机，但是它事实上是被我们称作第三层上的交换机。不同的是第二 层交换机是转发和过滤帧，路由（第三层交换机）使用逻辑寻址，进行数据包交换。 Key words ：broadcast domain Routers, by default, break up a broadcast domain, which is the set of all devices on a network segment that hear all broadcasts sent on that segment. 默认时，路由用来分割广播域，即一个网段上接听所有广播的所有设备的集合。 Key words ：collision domain Even though routers are known for breaking up broadcast domains by default, it’s important to remember that they break up collision domains as well. This is an Ethernet term used to describe a network scenario wherein one particular device sends a packet on a network segment, forcing every other device on that same segment to pay attention to it. 尽管路由器因可以分割广播域而熟知，但更重要也要记住它同时也分割冲突域。这是一个以 太网术语，用来描述这样的网络情景，即网段上某个特定设备发送出一个数据包，迫使同网 段上其他的设备就必须注意到这一点。 Two advantages of using routers in your network are ·They don’t forward broadcasts by default. ·They can filter the network based on layer 3 (Network layer) information (i.e., IP address). 网络中使用路由的两大优势 ·默认时不转发广播。 ·基于第三层（网络层）信息对网络进行过滤。 Four router functions in your network can be listed as ·Packet switching ·Packet filtering ·Internetwork communication ·Path selection （2006 年8 月）baobao 制作 网络中，路由器的四种功能 ·数据包交换 ·数据包过滤 ·网络通信 ·路径选择 Routers provide a separate broadcast domain for each interface. 路由为每个端口提供独立的一个广播域。 总结：路由器分割广播域和冲突域。 Key words ：bridge Bridges are used to