外文文献：风险认知和风险管理工具，在欧洲联盟：做农民有一个清晰的想法，他们需要什么？.pdfVIP

1 Risks Perceptions and Risk Management Instruments in the European Union: do farmers have a clear idea of what they need? Morales C 1, Garrido A. 1, Pálinkás P. 2 and Székely, C. 2 1 Polytechnic University of Madrid/Department of Agricultural Economics, Madrid, Spain 2 Sznet István University/ Institute of Business Economics, Gödöllı, Hungary Abstract— This paper explores and analyzes farmers’ I. INTRODUCTION risk perceptions, risk management instruments’ demand and usage in five Member States (Hungary, Spain, the Agricultural risk is a phenomenon that is becoming Netherlands, Germany and Poland). A survey completed increasingly important as a result of agricultural trade by 1047 representative farmers of these EU Member liberalization and the dismantling of traditional means of Status collected information that allowed us to set apart income support (Boehlje Lins, 1998; European two focus areas: the first looks at the declared Commission, 2005). Agricultural production is long importance of several sources of farms’ risk and income characterised by uncertain prospects and serious difficulties instability, and at the actual means that farmers pursue to estimate the probability of unfavourable events (Kostov to manage and face them. The second area focuses on Lingard, 2003). It is thus considered as one of the most the demand for risk management instruments. vulnerable sectors of the economy. Some of the agriculture- The paper’s objective is to determine the factors that