pppoe共混物的制备与结晶行动.pdfVIP

摘 要 利用熔融共混法在双螺杆挤出机上制备了聚丙烯（PP ）/ 乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE ） 共混物，材料拉伸实验、冲击实验、偏光显微镜观察、宽角X射线衍射(WAXD)和差 式扫描量热(DSC) 分析研究了共混物的力学性能，结晶形态和结晶行为。结果表明： POE 的加入显著地提高了共混物的缺口抗冲击强度，但同时也降低了共混物的拉伸强 度。当POE 的含量为 30%时，与纯PP相比，共混物的低温缺口强度和常温缺口强度分 别提高了 344%和 371%，而拉伸强度仅下降了23% 。另一方面，POE 的加入破坏了PP 的球晶结构，使晶区尺寸变小、共混物的结晶度降低、熔融温度T 下降，但是对PP m 各衍射晶面的面间距影响不大。POE起异相成核作用，提高了共混物中PP相的结晶温 度T 和结晶速度，有效地诱导聚丙烯β晶型的形成，增大了共混物中α晶型和β晶型PP c 的晶面厚度。最后采用Jeziorny模型、Ozawa模型、Urbanovici-segal模型、莫志深法和 Ziabicki模型研究了共混物的非等温熔融结晶动力学，结果表明Urbanovici-segal模型和 莫志深法可很好地描述共混物的结晶过程。由Ziabicki模型计算了共混物的动力学结晶 能力Gz，结果表明共混物的GZ值随着POE含量的增加呈现先增大而后降低的趋势，进 一步证实了POE对聚丙烯的结晶过程有异相成核作用，使共混物的动力学结晶能力变 大。但是当POE含量过大后，使PP结晶受到阻挠反而使PP/POE共混物的动力学结晶能 力下降。 关键词： 聚丙烯/POE 共混物；力学性能；结晶形态；非等温结晶动力学 I Abstract Polypropylene (PP)/ethylene–octene copolymer (POE) blends were prepared by a twin-screw extruder in melting state, Their mechanical properties，crystalline structure and crystallization behavior were systematically investigated by tensile tests, impact tests, polarized optical microscopy (POM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The results showed that the Izod notched impact strength increase dramatically with increasing the content of POE. However, the addition of POE decreases the tensile strength of the PP/POE blend. Compared with pure PP, the Izod notched impact strengths of the PP/POE blend with 30 wt% POE in room temperature and -18oC increase 344% and 371%, respectively; but its tensile strength only decrease 23%. On the other hand, as the addition of POE destroys the spherulite structure of polypropylene, and decreases the spherulite size, the crystallin