Electrical Circuits and Electronics课件（华南理工）Lecture 13-14.pptVIP

Electrical Circuits and Electronics School of Electric Power Electrical Circuits and Electronics School of Electric Power Chapter 3 Capacitance and Inductance Capacitors and Inductors Energy-storage elements: store energy and later return it to the circuit; They do not generate energy-only the energy that has been put into there elements can be extracted; They are passive elements. Capacitance and Inductance Capacitance accounts for energy stored in electric fields; Inductance accounts for energy stored in magnetic fields. Lecture 13 Capacitance Capacitance Capacitors are constructed by separating two sheets of conductor; The insulating material between the plates, called a dielectric; Capacitance Current flows to the left side; The right plate accumulates a net negative charge that produces an electric filed in the dielectric; Electric filed forces the charge to leave the left plate at the same rate. Capacitance During the charge progress, current appears to flow through the capacitor; As the charge builds up, voltage appears across the capacitor; Stored Charge in Terms of Voltage The stored charge is proportional to the voltage between the plates: Capacitance has units of farads (F) or coulombs per volt. Current in Terms ofVoltage The relationship between current and voltage becomes: Current in Terms of Voltages If the voltage remains constant, the charge is constant and the current is zero; A capacitor appears to be an open circuit for a steady dc voltage; Passive configuration: + - Non-passive configuration: Voltage in Terms of Current Charge as a function of time is given by: Stored Energy The power delivered to a capacitor: The energy stored in a capacitor: Capacitors Typical electrolytic capacitors Capacitors Old style capacitors Capacitors Multi-layer ceramic chip (MLCC) capacitors Capacitors Capacitor auto compensation box Capacitors Supercapacitor, electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) For an electromagnetic gun Lecture 14 Capacitances in